四级作文评分标准 阅卷标准分为五等： 2 分， 5 分， 8 分， 11 分及 14 分，每一 等都可上下浮动一分，各等的具体标准如下： 14 分 -- 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本 无语言错误。 11 分 -- 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错 8 分 — 基本切题。表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯；但语言错 误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。 5 分 -- 基本切题。表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严 重语言错误。 2 分 -- 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有 错误，且多数为严重错误。

2002 年 12 月四级考试作文 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: It pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象。 2. 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。

14 points: 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本 无语言错误。 Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams. Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won’t buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them, Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest.

11 points: 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错 Nowadays, many people choose not be honest in our modern society. We almost can find such things every day of our life: some students cheat in the exam for higher marks; some corporations tell wrong data to the public in order to get more investment; and some doctors treat their patients with unnecessary and expensive medicines in order to make money, sometimes damaged the patient’s health, even their life. Seeing this situation, I think it must be changed. Being honest will benefit not only others, but also ourselves. First, your honesty will make others willing to trust you. Second, being honest can lead you to face your problem bravely, which helps to solve it. And the last, honesty surely helps to make the society more harmony. So, I think everyone should start to be honest and everyone should have the idea that our society can not do without honesty.

8 points: 基本切题。表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯；但语 言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。 In our modern social life, there are many examples around us show many people are cheated. Advertisements cheat people, salesmen cheat people, even one’s closest friends cheat him or her. So many heartbreaks are heard everyday that we cannot help asking: where is our honest exist? Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten. Honesty does good not only to ourselves, but to others as well. If we are honest to others, we will be happier and be in a better mood. Otherwise, we’ll feel guilt at last. To a company and its advertisement, honesty will bring it more consumer and more profit. If we cheat others, friends will not believe you and they will leave you alone. To a company, no consumer will buy your product again! So, as the above is said, it pays to be honest. Let’s create a morally outstanding social.

5 points: 基本切题。表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差。有较多的 严重语言错误。 With the development of modern economic and industry, competitive is becoming more and more obvious. At the same time, the performance of dishonest is becoming more and more clearly. Nowadays, there are many dishonest performance in our society. For example, some people found that he saled goods had past the preservation date. Not throw them away, the revised the preservation date, and saled them again after several day. Another case in the point, a pair of shoes was made from goat. However, in order to sale at a high price, the salers would say they were made from cow which has good quality. From the foregoing, we can see that dishonest does not only harm to yourselves but also harm to others. And it is no use only realize the harmness of dishonest. We should be honest from now on and be honest on our daily life. It is only that people all over the world are honest then our country will be beautiful and wealthy.

2 points: 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子 均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 Now in our society, many people are not honest in doing soming. we often can meet with soming happened cause by people who are not honest. For example, Now we take the bus need carry cents own, and when you upstairs the bus, you should put the cent into the money box. Every people do that, but some of the people put the other things instead the cents. For another example, it is more normal that in the exams we can always find some students see others. I consider that every people should be honest. As a people, honest should be first, because it can make us to be increase and make our society develop. In doing everything we should be honest all, study, work, life and so on. If you re honest, every people will be friend to you, and who will regard you good people. But if you don’t be honest, people must unwilling to trath with you. So if you are want to be a good people, remember honest first.

评分时还考虑以下三个因素： l ．白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词 而无法表 达思想， 则给零分。 2. 字数不足者酌情扣分 分， 7l 分， 分， 分， 不足 50 最多给 5 分 3 ．只写一段者 0-4 分，只写两段者 0-9 分。 作文最低分的规定： 1. 作文分为 0 分，总分若高于 60 分，最后报导一律按 59 分不及格处理； 若 低于 60 分则报导时一律再减 6 分； 2. 作文分大于 0 分，小于 6 分，则按下面的公式计算成绩： 最后报导分 = 原计算总分 -6 分 + 实得作文分

四级作文常见语法错误 例：＂ Trees ＂为题目的作文： Trees are man's friends. We can see trees everywhere. We plant trees every year. We can make tables with trees. Trees also give us fruits to eat. I like to eat fruits very much. 一、不切题 ； 修改后： Trees are man's friends. They provide man with timber, fruits and seeds. With timber, man can build houses and make furniture. Fruits are the food, which is necessary to us every day. As for seeds, they can be used to extract oil

二、语言表达的错误。 1 、词汇问题 : (1) 同一汉语意思的动词、名词和形容词混用。 a. 如果你努力学习，你一定会成功。（成功 动词） b. 他是一位成功的商人。（成功 形容词） c. 他的成功是由于他的勤奋。（成功 名词 ) a. If you work hard, you will be sure to success. ( 误 ) If you work hard, you will be sure to succeed. ( 正 ) b. He is a succeed businessman. ( 误 ) He is a successful businessman. ( 正 ) c. His succeed is due to his hard work. ( 误 ) His success is due to his hard work. ( 正 )

(2) 用词不确切, 搭配不当 例如： 误 He finally resolved the problem. 正 He finally solved the problem. resolve 的汉语意思是 “ 使分解 ” 、 “ 解决 ” ， resolve 虽有解决之 意，只是解决的不是问题，而是 contradiction 或 doubt, 解 决问题应用 "resolve" 。 找借口 （误） find an excuse （正） make an excuse 没有用 （误） have no use （正） it is no use 走远路 （误） go the long road （正） take the long road 睡得很晚 （误） sleep late （正） stay up late 遵守时间 （误） obey the time （正） be punctual 享受公费医疗（误） enjoy free medical care （正） entitled to free medical care

2 ．语法错误 (1) 时态、人称和数用错 例： 误 They said they can complete the work in three months. 正 They said they could complete the work in three months. 误 My father is a work and my mother is teachers. 正 My father is a worker and my mother is a teacher. (2) be 动词遗漏 误 He will sure to come and help me. 正 He will be sure to come and help me. (3) 句子不完整 误 Because the kids thought their wages were too low. 正 Because the kids thought their wages were too low, they demanded a high pay. 误 While waiting for the bus. 正 While waiting for the bus, he talked with the little girl.

(4) 介词、冠词遗漏 误 Because his mistake several people died. 正 Because of his mistake several people died. 误 I have never seen such beautiful picture. 正 I have never seen such a beautiful picture. 3 ．主客体的混淆 如 : It’s my hope that ．．．（我希望 …… ）； It occurred to me that ．．．（我想起 …… ） 例如： （ 1 ）有人可能反对说你的论据会引起误解。 （误） Someone may object that your arguments would be misleading ． （正） It may be objected that your arguments are misleading ．

（ 2 ）我不得不取消这次旅行，这使我很失望。 （误） I had to cancel this trip ． It made me disappointed （正） It is disppointing that I had to cancel this trip ． 4 ．句式缺少连贯性 （ 1 ）他讲得很慢，声音很大，礼堂的每个人都能听得很 清楚。 （误） He speaks slowly ， his voice is loud ， everyone in the hall can hear clearly ． （正） He speaks slowly and his voice is so loud that it can be heard clearly by everyone in the hall ． （ 2 ）你不要学他那样，你身体没有他好。 （误） Never learn from him ， you are not so strong as he ． （正） Don't follow his example ， since you are not so strong as he ．

5 ．用词不当造成意义错位和误解 例如： （ 1 ）无论做什么事情，都要三思而后行。 （误） Whenever you want to do something ， you should think about it three times before you take an action （正） Whenever you want to do something ， you should look before you leap ． （ 2 ）他似乎早已胸有成竹了。 （误） He seems to have had a fully-grown bamboo in his bosom for a long time ． （正） It seems that he has long had a well-thought-out plan in mind ．

四 级 作 文 框 架四 级 作 文 框 架 说明原因型 提纲： （ 1 ）用具体数据说明 XX 现象 （ 2 ）指出主要原因, 原因一, 原因二, 原因三 （ 3 ）解决建议一, 解决建议二 结构（ 1 ） Nowadays,there are more and more XX in some big cities. It is estimated that… ( 1 ). (2)Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that…. Besides…. The third reason is…. (3)To sum up, the main cause of XX is due to …. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, …, for another, ….. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of XX.

结构（ 2 ） In recent years, xx has caused a heated debate on….. ( 1 ). The factors for …. First of all, …. Then, there comes a case that …. Moreover, …. Especially when …. Indeed, these unique points can be collected to remind people that …. In this way, we should behave just like ….

对立观点式 A ．有人认为 X 是好事，赞成 X ， 为什么？ B ．有人认为 X 是坏事， 反对 X ，为什么？ C ．我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持 X 的第一个原因。 They also argue that 支持 X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反 对 X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also ………… 结 构

图表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic /table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/ grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y …………

议论文 （概述） With the development/rise/increase of....more and more.....as a result,...Yet opinions of the....can vary from person to person. （观点 1 ） Some people claim that...benefit... in the first place, there is no doubt/denying that...; in the second place, It certainly help/offer people to solve/enjoy....; what's more.... （观点 2 ） However others strongly object to....,they argue that, on one hand...;on the other hand....; a good case in point is that...in addition,... （结论） Whether it is good or not/positive or negative/does good or harm one thing is certain.... As far as I am concerned, I will not hesitate a moment to prefer....