CHAPTER 3 REVIEW Please note this is not meant to be a complete review. Read the chapter and review the vocabulary along with the concepts presented.

Chapter 3 Questions The General Social Survey (GSS), conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, is a major source of data on social attitudes in the U.S. Once each year 1500 adults are interviewed in their homes all across the country. The subjects are asked their opinions about sex and marriage, attitudes toward women, welfare, foreign policy and many other issues. The GSS is an example of a. anecdotal information. b. using available data. c. a sample survey. d. an experiment.

Chapter 3 Questions The General Social Survey (GSS), conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, is a major source of data on social attitudes in the U.S. Once each year 1500 adults are interviewed in their homes all across the country. The subjects are asked their opinions about sex and marriage, attitudes toward women, welfare, foreign policy and many other issues. The population for the GSS is a. all adult residents of the U.S. b. the University of Chicago. c. the 1500 persons interviewed. d. the list of questions asked.

Chapter 3 Questions The General Social Survey (GSS), conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, is a major source of data on social attitudes in the U.S. Once each year 1500 adults are interviewed in their homes all across the country. The subjects are asked their opinions about sex and marriage, attitudes toward women, welfare, foreign policy and many other issues. a. a simple random sample b. a stratified random sample. c. a systematic random sample. d. voluntary response sample. The GSS begins by selecting a sample of counties from the 3000 counties in the country. The counties are divided into urban, rural, and suburban; a separate sample is chosen at random from each group. This is a

Chapter 3 Questions A study at Yale Medical School investigated treatments for chronic cocaine abusers. Of the 72 subjects, all were cocaine users who wanted to quit; 24 were assigned at random to each of three drugs: a) desipramine, b) lithium, c) a placebo. After 6 weeks the subjects reported whether they had stayed off cocaine. a. an experiment.b. a sample survey. c. using available data.d. an observational study, but not a sample survey.

Chapter 3 Questions A study at Yale Medical School investigated treatments for chronic cocaine abusers. Of the 72 subjects, all were cocaine users who wanted to quit; 24 were assigned at random to each of three drugs: a) desipramine, b) lithium, c) a placebo. After 6 weeks the subjects reported whether they had stayed off cocaine. The explanatory variable in the Yale study is a. whether or not a subject stayed off cocaine. b. the 72 cocaine users. c. which drug a subject was given. d. randomization.

Chapter 3 Questions A study at Yale Medical School investigated treatments for chronic cocaine abusers. Of the 72 subjects, all were cocaine users who wanted to quit; 24 were assigned at random to each of three drugs: a) desipramine, b) lithium, c) a placebo. After 6 weeks the subjects reported whether they had stayed off cocaine. The response variable in the Yale study is a. whether or not a subject stayed off cocaine. b. the 72 cocaine users. c. which drug a subject was given. d. randomization.

Chapter 3 Questions A study at Yale Medical School investigated treatments for chronic cocaine abusers. Of the 72 subjects, all were cocaine users who wanted to quit; 24 were assigned at random to each of three drugs: a) desipramine, b) lithium, c) a placebo. After 6 weeks the subjects reported whether they had stayed off cocaine. All the subjects in the Yale study were male. A similar study had 60 male and 30 female subjects. The men and women were separately assigned at random to the three treatments so that separate conclusions are possible for men and women. This design is called a. block design.b. a stratified random sample. c. a matched-pairs designd. a completely randomized design.

Chapter 3 Questions You are designing a clinical trial to see whether added calcium in the diet will reduce the blood pressure of middle-aged men. You plan to give added calcium to a group of men and see whether their blood pressure is lower after six weeks. If you don’t include a control group, your data will be invalid because of a. lack of confidentialityb. the double-blind effect. c. voluntary d. the placebo effect.

Chapter 3 Questions You are designing a clinical trial to see whether added calcium in the diet will reduce the blood pressure of middle-aged men. You plan to give added calcium to a group of men and see whether their blood pressure is lower after six weeks. a. a block designb. the double-blind technique. c. randomizationd. confounding In this experiment neither the subjects nor the doctors who work with them know whether or not a subject was given extra calcium. This is called.