World History/ Geography Monday November 16, 2015 Warm Up: Why do you think people permanently move from one location to another? Write down as many reasons as you can. Do not share with your neighbors. Who ever has the most original ideas wins!!!! Today’s Objective: Explain how political, economic, social and environmental push and pull factors and physical geography affect the routes and flows of human migration

Why do people move?

What makes people leave a place? political reasons economic reasons social reasons environmental reasons PUSH FACTORS http://www.insidesocal.com/friendlyfire/2008/03/vietnamese_regime_scripts_its.html http://whatisacharity.com/poverty-charities/ http://pictureshistory.blogspot.com/2010/01/turmoil-in-china-cultural-revolution.html

What makes people move to place? Which is a political reasons economic reasons social reasons environmental reasons PULL FACTORS http://www.caraandjusticebook.com/228/justice-and-human-rights.html http://www.cod.edu/academic/field/studyabroad/photos/peace08/peacewin2.htm http://krewbpm.blogspot.com/2011/04/have-u-think-about-environment.html

Push and Pull Factors Push Factors Pull Factors Negative conditions at home Real conditions Perceived conditions Push the decision to migrate Pull Factors Positive attributes in destination Real opportunities Perceived opportunities Pull the immigrant to move

Pull Factors Push Factors Job opportunities Better living conditions Not enough jobs Few opportunities "Primitive" conditions Political fear Not being able to practice religion Poor medical care Loss of wealth Natural disasters Death threats Slavery Pollution Poor housing Landlords Poor chances of finding courtship War conditions in area Pull Factors Job opportunities Better living conditions Political and/or religious freedom Enjoyment Education Better medical care Security Family links Better chances of finding courtship Get rich easily

Economic Push and Pull Factors Most common reason for migrating Move to places that seem to have opportunity and out of places that have very little US and Canada historically have had many immigrants come for opportunity Relative attractiveness of a region can shift with economic change Because of economic restructuring, job prospects often vary from one country to another and within regions of the same country. Examples: Jobs, standard of living, poverty, technology, agriculture

Social Push and Pull Factors More often migration caused by social factors is a push, such as active religious persecution Social Push factors of migration include lack of education, medical facilities, high crime rate - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends Social factors can be a pull as well, such as superior medical care or education Refugees- people who have been forced to migrate from their homes and cannot return for fear of prosecution due to their race, religion, nationality, or political opinion Examples: Education, Language, religion, Women’s rights, ethnic persecution, class struggles, newspapers, population concerns

Political Push and Pull Factors Forced international migration has historically occurred for two main cultural reasons: slavery and political instability. the existence of tolerant government policies with regards to religion, race, political views and so on may make certain countries more attractive to potential migrants Political conditions can also operate as pull factors, especially the lure of freedom. People are attracted to democratic countries that encourage individual choice in education, career, and place of residence. Examples: Government policies, civil rights, wars

Environmental Push and Pull Factors Pushed out of hazardous regions– pulled into attractive ones Attractive areas would include: mountains, beach, and warm climates Too little or too much water is a major push factor Drought and floodplains An area subject to flooding during a specific number of years Natural Disasters Examples: Climate, vegetation, natural catastrophes, tectonics

Immigration Emigration- migration from a location Immigration- migration to a location Immigration is the migration of people into a country from their home country while Emigration is the migration of people out of a country to another country. Elis Island, NY Angel Island, San Francisco CA

Urbanization Urbanization refers to the proportion of people in living in cities. It also refers to the process in which rural populations move to urban areas. Urbanization refers to all of the cities in a country, considered as an urban system. The urban system is the network of individual cities within a region or country. Sources of Urbanization: The urban system of a country grows mainly by: Natural population increase (births – deaths) Migration from rural areas (especially in countries with large rural populations) Immigration from other countries (especially in Europe and North America) Reclassification of urban boundaries to encompass formerly rural areas

Urban Growth is Speeding Up Time required to reach 2 million population: Rome, Italy 2000 years Vienna, Austria 400 years Vancouver, B.C. 115 years Shenzhen, China 20 years

Population Distribution Population distribution refers to where people live around the world. For instance, in the United States most people live on the coasts or near major waterways. Population is not evenly distributed around the earth’s surface. The factors that influence population distribution are: natural resources Climate economic development government policy rural/urban settlement capital resources conflicts. .

Population Growth The factors that influence population growth are: Modern medicine and hygiene Education Industrialization and urbanization Economic development Government policy Role of women in society

Population Density The number of people living in a given area

Population Distribution Populations