Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 13 The Nervous System: Neural Tissue PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Agnes Yard and Michael Yard Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which subdivision of the nervous system includes all of the neural tissue except for the brain and spinal cord? a. somatic nervous system b. peripheral nervous system c. sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system d. autonomic nervous system

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is the most common type of neurons in the central nervous system and is exemplified by all the motor neurons that control skeletal muscle? a. anaxonic neurons b. multipolar neurons c. pseudounipolar neurons d. bipolar neurons

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Individual neurons or neuronal pools process information simultaneously in which of the following types of neural circuits? a. parallel processing b. serial processing c. reverberation d. convergence

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not characteristic of ependymal cells? a. They line the ventricles in the brain and the central canal in the spinal cord. b. They remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis. c. They assist in producing, circulating, and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid. d. b and c

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The ability of a plasmalemma to conduct electrical impulses is known as: a. action potential b. threshold level c. neuroeffection d. excitability

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following component of the nervous system controls skeletal muscle contractions? a. somatic nervous system b. autonomic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. parasympathetic nervous system

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Of the neuron’s total surface area, 80 – 90% is represented by its: a. dendrites b. soma c. dendritic spines d. axon

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Demyelination is not associated with which of the following conditions? a. diphtheria b. rabies c. multiple sclerosis d. Guillian-Barré Syndrome

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings An anatomically distinct collection of sensory or motor neuron cell bodies within the peripheral nervous system is called a/an: a. nerve b. soma c. nucleus d. ganglia

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following most accurately describes the neuroglia of the central nervous system? a. The astrocytes are packed with neurofibrils that extend across the breadth of the cell, forming a structural network that supports the neurons of the brain and spinal cord. b. The microglia appear early in embryonic development through the division of endodermal stem cells. c. Ependymal cells are cuboidal to columnar in form and have slender processes that branch extensively and make direct contact with glial cells. d. Oligodendrocytes’ processes are slender and more numerous compared to those of astrocytes; their processes tie clusters of axons together and improve the functional performance of neurons.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A synapse between the synaptic terminal of one neuron and the cell body of another is called: a. axosomatic b. axoaxonic c. axodendritic d. somatoaxonic

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding Schwann cells is/are true? a. A Schwann cell can myelinate only about 10 μm down the length of a single axon. b. Unmyelinated axons are enclosed by Schwann cell processes. c. A single Schwann cell may surround several different unmyelinated axons. d. b and c

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings During neural regeneration in the peripheral nervous system, the growing axon is most likely to arrive at its appropriate destination if the following occurs: a. The axon distal to the injury site deteriorates. b. The damaged proximal and distal stumps remain in contact after the injury. c. The macrophages migrate into the injury site to phagocytize the debris. d.The damaged proximal and distal stumps migrate away from each other.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A group of neuron cell bodies in the central nervous system which share a common function is known as a/an: a. soma b. center c. ganglion d. neural cortex

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following types of neural circuits describes the spread of information from one neuron to several neurons? a. convergence b. reverberation c. divergence d. serial processing

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which is true regarding nonvesicular synapses? a. They involve the passage of a neurotransmitter substance between cells. b. They are also termed electrical synapses. c. Their presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are tightly bound together. d. b and c

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Histologically, neural tissue dominated by myelinated axons is defined as: a. gray matter b. white matter c. neuroglia d. neural cortex

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following glial cells of the central nervous system is responsible for controlling the interstitial environment? a. astrocytes b. oligodendrocytes c. microglia d. ependymal cells

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which type of neural circuit permits the variable control of motor neurons by providing a mechanism for their voluntary and involuntary control? a. parallel processing b. divergence c. convergence d. serial processing

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following axons would transmit an impulse most quickly? a. diameter of 20 μm and unmyelinated b. diameter of 20 μm and myelinated c. diameter of 2 μm and myelinated d. diameter of 2 μm and unmyelinated

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding interoceptors is false? a. They monitor the digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, and reproductive systems. b. They monitor the position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints. c. They provide sensations of deep pressure and pain. d. They provide the sensation of taste.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A receptor in the nervous system may be which of the following? a. a dendrite b. a specialized cell or cluster of cells c. a complex sense organ d. all of the above

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The cell bodies of sensory neurons and visceral motor neurons within the peripheral nervous system are found in which of the following structures? a. tracts b. columns c. ganglia d. pathways

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which is false regarding vesicular synapses? a. They are the most abundant type of synapses and consist of several different types. b. They involve gap junctions that permit ion flow between the cells. c. There are receptor proteins on the postsynaptic membrane to which neurotransmitters bind. d. None of the above is false.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following are the largest and most numerous glial cells of the central nervous system? a. astrocytes b. oligodendrocytes c. microglia d. ependymal cells