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How do professional athletes fuel their bodies? USdpg USdpg Average Person: 2,000 calorie diet What would happen if these athletes stopped competing and kept eating the same way? Which biomolecules did the athletes consume most? Why do you think that?

Molecular Structure: Biomolecules What are the “key giveaways” to help us identify each biomolecule based on its structure? Carbohydrates: Hexagonal Shape, C, H, O Proteins: Nitrogen (N) Lipids: Chains of C and H (Carbon and Hydrogen) Nucleic Acids: Phosphorus (P)

Biomolecules When finished with the QR code reading/critical thinking questions, create a double bubble map comparing/contrasting 2 of the 4 biomolecules on the BACK of your paper.

QR Code Gallery Walk Working with a partner, you will identify 15 different structures as either a carbohydrate, protein, lipid, of nucleic acid After finishing your IDs, you will go to the hallway and use the QR codes to check your work – highlight and correct incorrect answers Answer critical thinking questions at the bottom of the page

Organic Molecules (Biomolecules)  Organic molecules that make up living things  Complex molecules made from smaller molecules  Four elements that make up Living things  Oxygen  Carbon  Nitrogen  Hydrogen 4 What is a Biomolecule ?

Organic Molecules (Biomolecules)  Organic molecules are ‘naturally’ occurring and make up living things  Four elements that make up Living things  Oxygen  Carbon  Nitrogen  Hydrogen  Monomer is a subunit or building block of a polymer (small)  Polymer is made of many monomers (complex) 4 What is an organic molecule? What is a monomer and polymer?

Biomolecule #1: Carbohydrates  Made of monosaccharaides  2 monosaccaharaids = disaccharide  Provides Energy for Organism, Component of plant cell walls, part of DNA’s structure  Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), Lactose, Starch 4 Monomer Structure Function Examples

How do we get Carbohydrates??

Biomolecule #2: Lipids  Made of 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids  Long Term Energy (Energy Storage)  Cell Membrane 5 Monomer Structure Function Examples

Biomolecule #2: Lipids  Made of 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids  Long term energy (Energy Storage)  Butter, Oil, Grease, Cell Membrane 6 Monomer Structure Function Examples Summary:

How do we get Lipids?

Biomolecule #3: Protein (Polypeptide)  Made of Amino Acids (peptide bond)  Used for Growth and repair of the body  Chemical Reactions  Enzymes, Polypeptide, Collagen, Hemoglobin 6 Monomer Structure Function Examples

Biomolecule #3: Protein (Polypeptide)  Made of Amino Acids (peptide chain)  Used for Growth and repair of the body  Chemical Reactions  Enzymes, Polypeptide, Collagen, Hemoglobin 6 Monomer Structure Function Examples Summary:

How do we get Protein?

Biomolecule #4: Nucleic Acids  Made of Nucleotides (Phosphate, Nitrogen, and Sugar)  Carry Genetic Information  They are the codes which makes proteins which make you, you!  DNA  RNA 8 Monomer Structure Function Examples

DNA – Nucleic Acid

Biomolecule #4: Nucleic Acids  Made of Nucleotides (Phosphate, Base, and Sugar)  Carry Genetic Information  They are the codes which makes proteins which make you, you!  DNA  RNA 7 Monomer Structure Function Examples Summary:

Prove It! - #1

Prove It! #2

Prove It! #3

Prove It! #4

Prove It! #5 Draw a fatty acid molecule. Explain how it’s structure contributes to its function as a lipid.

Quiz!

Many single-celled organisms rely primarily on monosaccharides and disaccharides as their source of energy. Which class of biomolecules provides the energy for these cells?

Fats provide long term energy storage and insulation to the human body. Fat molecules are a member of which class of biomolecules?

What class of biomolecule is shown to the right?

Which class of biomolecule carries the cell’s instructions in the form of genetic material?

The diagram shown depicts which class of biomolecule?

Which class of biomolecule is NOT primarily composed of polymers?

Short chains belonging to which class of biomolecules are often referred to as polypeptide chains?

The diagram to the right best represents which class of biomolecules?

What class of biomolecule contains nitrogen bases? A T G C

You need a steady supply of amino acids in your diet to maintain a healthy body. In order to meet this need, you should make sure you eat enough of which class of biomolecule?

Which class of biomolecule is used to make cell membranes?

ATP is a member of which class of biomolecule?

Enzymes are a specific type of which biomolecule?

What is one of the two biomolecules that are primarily used as energy sources by cells?