Galactic Astronomy 銀河物理学特論 I Lecture 3-1: Statistical survey of high-redshift galaxies Seminar: Steidel et al. 1999, ApJ, 519, 1 Lecture: 2011/11/28

U-dropout LBGs: Statistical survey for z=3 galaxies was conducted utilizing the fact that ”Lyman limit” comes to the wavelength range between U- and G-band. The success of the survey with spectroscopic confirmation of ~1,000 galaxies at z~3 with Keck telescope established the new method to explore the universe at z>1. Steidel et al. 2003, ApJ, 592, 728 First paper, Steidel et al. 1996, ApJ, 462, L17

G-dropout LBGs: The same U-dropout selection method extended to longer wavelength range to search for galaxies at higher redshift range. G-dropout, B-dropout, V-dropout, i-dropout,,, Steidel et al. 1999, ApJ, 519, 1

Applying the U-dropout method to galaxies at lower redshift range z~3: In order to select galaxies at z>3, the U-dropout selection criteria was extended to bluer U-G color range. The method is called BM/BX method. Steidel et al. 2004, ApJ, 604, 534

Population of galaxies z~3 which cannot be selected with U-drop LBG method ?: Large spectroscopic survey revealed a population of galaxies which are at z~3 but cannot be selected with LBG method. Le Fevre et al. 2005, Nature 437, 519

Population of galaxies at z~3 which cannot be selected with U-drop LBG method ?: Distant Red Galaxies (DRGs) Search for high redshift galaxies with 4000A break and/or Balmer jump in the NIR wavelength range. Franx et al. 2003, ApJ, 587, L79 ForsterSchreiber et al. 2004, ApJ, 616, 40 Vam Dokkum et al. 2003, ApJ, 587, L83

Population of galaxies at z~3 which cannot be selected with U-drop LBG method ?: BzK galaxies Dropout-selection method can only select galaxies with relatively blue color. More complete sample of galaxies can be made with selecting galaxies using 4000A or Balmer break. Reddening vector is along the tilted lilne. Daddi et al. 2004, ApJ, 617, 746

Lyman Alpha Emitter: Ajiki et al. 2003, ApJ, 126, 2091Kashikawa et al. 2006, ApJ, 648, 7

Lyman Alpha Emitter: Galaxies selected as LAE have relatively weak continuum emission and their estimated stellar mass is small. Gawiser et al. 2006, ApJ, 642, L13

H Alpha Emitter: Geach et al. 2008, MNRAS, 388, 1473

Blain et al. 2002, PhR, 369, 111 Sub-mm galaxies: Due to the SED shape in the FIR wavelength range, the flux in the sub-mm wavelength range does not simply decrease with redshift.

Chapman et al. 2005, ApJ, 622, 772 Sub-mm galaxies: Wang et al. 2009, ApJ, 690, 319

Comparing galaxies selected by various methods: Grazian et al. 2007, A&A, 465, 393

Comparing various galaxies with clustering strength. Ichikawa et al PASJ, 59, 1081