Chapter 16, Section 3 Nominating Candidates Mr. Young American Government

History of Democrats Video olitics/2012/09/04/cnn-explains- democrats.cnn#/video/politics/2012/ 09/04/cnn-explains-democrats.cnn olitics/2012/09/04/cnn-explains- democrats.cnn#/video/politics/2012/ 09/04/cnn-explains-democrats.cnn olitics/2012/09/04/cnn-explains- democrats.cnn#/video/politics/2012/ 09/04/cnn-explains-democrats.cnn olitics/2012/09/04/cnn-explains- democrats.cnn#/video/politics/2012/ 09/04/cnn-explains-democrats.cnn CNN explain it to me CNN explain it to me lt-f3QQ7-A lt-f3QQ7-A lt-f3QQ7-A lt-f3QQ7-A Political Parties Rap (3:55 min) Political Parties Rap (3:55 min)

Republican vs. Democrats (Foundations) Northern US Evangelical Protestants Favored abolition of slavery and alcohol Harsh Immigration Laws Northern Financial Interests Poor farmer in South and Western frontier State’s rights Did not want to abolish slavery Identified with immigrants

Republican Party Leads charge for state’s rights, wanting states not federal government to manage issues and programs Smaller government and get federal government off backs of states, business, and individuals (only foreign policy and defense) Oppose gun control Opposes abortion and same-sex marriage

Generalization of GOP Higher-income individuals Self-employed individuals Business people College-educated Small-town more than big-city Men Whites Fundamental or evangelical Christians Protestants

Democratic Party Believe the federal government should play major role in assisting citizens and helping with problems Less willing to turn over federal dollars to the states Favor gun control, affirmative action, and higher taxes Generally pro-choice on abortion and same-sex marriage

Generalization of Democrats Less-educated and highly-educated Working-class citizens (especially unionized workers) Minority groups (Especially African American and Non-Cuban Hispanics) Women (especially unmarried) Jewish and (to a lesser extent) Catholic voters Urban rather than rural people

Make your own choice Look at platforms of parties Choose the party that best fits your personality, interests, and beliefs as a whole Here are some major issues to look at: Tax Policy Role of Federal Government Social Issues The environment

History of Party Symbols qS2lkCKesM qS2lkCKesM qS2lkCKesM qS2lkCKesM 2:25 minutes 2:25 minutes zCnqA54RMw zCnqA54RMw zCnqA54RMw zCnqA54RMw Democratic Symbol (1 min) Democratic Symbol (1 min) WQCDShPD9x4 WQCDShPD9x4 WQCDShPD9x4 WQCDShPD9x4 Republican Symbol (1 min) Republican Symbol (1 min)

Essential Question What are the five different way that a candidate can be selected or nominated? What are the five different way that a candidate can be selected or nominated? What is the purpose of the national convention? What happens at the national convention? What is the purpose of the national convention? What happens at the national convention?

I CAN 1. Explain the 4 different methods of selecting a candidate for public office 2. Analyze and Evaluate the importance and impact of Party’s national conventions.

1)Caucuses Is a meeting of like- minded people that select candidates for upcoming elections Is a meeting of like- minded people that select candidates for upcoming elections Used in the early days but not considered democratic because not everyone got a say. Used in the early days but not considered democratic because not everyone got a say. Early caucuses were private meetings, today they are meetings of party members Early caucuses were private meetings, today they are meetings of party members

Iowa Caucus Voters

Caucuses Explained DpTuzCHtsI DpTuzCHtsI DpTuzCHtsI DpTuzCHtsI CNN (2:23 min) CNN (2:23 min) ebP6GSy_6I ebP6GSy_6I ebP6GSy_6I ebP6GSy_6I US Elections Explained (3:32) US Elections Explained (3:32) mCylh5kHsB4 mCylh5kHsB4 mCylh5kHsB4 mCylh5kHsB4 Caucuses Explained (1:39 min) Caucuses Explained (1:39 min)

2) Petitions/Self-announcements Some states require not only third parties candidates but all candidates have a petition with a certain number of signatures Some states require not only third parties candidates but all candidates have a petition with a certain number of signatures Write in candidates will use the method of self- announcements Write in candidates will use the method of self- announcements Used most at local level of government Used most at local level of government

3) Nominating Conventions An official public meeting of a party to choose candidates for office An official public meeting of a party to choose candidates for office In each local area, party members elect delegates to represent them at county conventions; county elect State, State elect National, and National elect Pres and Vice In each local area, party members elect delegates to represent them at county conventions; county elect State, State elect National, and National elect Pres and Vice Powerful party bosses corrupted the nominating convention Powerful party bosses corrupted the nominating convention

4) Primary Elections Most widely used method is direct primary- an election in which party members select people to run in the general election Most widely used method is direct primary- an election in which party members select people to run in the general election Closed primary- in which only members of a political party can vote Closed primary- in which only members of a political party can vote Open primary- all voters may participate even if they do not belong to a party. Open primary- all voters may participate even if they do not belong to a party.

Primary Elections Cont. Washington and California have used a blanket primary- voters can nominate a Democrat or Republican for each office Washington and California have used a blanket primary- voters can nominate a Democrat or Republican for each office In most states a candidate only needs a plurality- more votes than the other person- to win. In most states a candidate only needs a plurality- more votes than the other person- to win. Runoff primary- second primary election between two candidates who received the most votes Runoff primary- second primary election between two candidates who received the most votes

Primary Elections Cont. Nonpartisan primary- candidates are not identified by party labels (used a lot in local elections such as city officials and school offices or certain judgeships) Nonpartisan primary- candidates are not identified by party labels (used a lot in local elections such as city officials and school offices or certain judgeships)

Primary vs. Caucus

It has been said that primaries reflect broad-based voter appeal, while caucuses measure voter intensity. There may be something to that. Turnout for caucuses are usually only a fraction as large as for primaries, yet often the candidate that can generate the most passionate support can dominate the caucuses. That was the case in the high-profile Democratic presidential contest in Four states held both a primary and caucus, and in each Barack Obama ran decidedly better in the caucus.

Primary and Caucuses Video _QeYCg4yJ8 _QeYCg4yJ8 _QeYCg4yJ8 _QeYCg4yJ8 Khan Academy Khan Academy pgqtsYIDZY pgqtsYIDZY pgqtsYIDZY pgqtsYIDZY Civics in a minute (1:44 min) Civics in a minute (1:44 min)

Presidential Nominations Major task of delegates at national convention is to select a ticket, candidates for president and vice president Major task of delegates at national convention is to select a ticket, candidates for president and vice president Varies from state to state and even from political party to political party Varies from state to state and even from political party to political party

Presidential Nomination Cont. Three generalizations about presidential primaries Three generalizations about presidential primaries 1. They may be a delegate selection process or a presidential selection preference poll, or both 2. Either the candidate gets all the state’s convention votes (“winner-take-all”), or each candidate gets delegates based on number of popular votes 3. Delegates selected based on the basis of popular vote may have to support candidate at convention, or may not

Primary Cont. Some criticisms of the primary method are Some criticisms of the primary method are 1. It can divide the loyalty of the party 2. It is too costly, too long, and some lower income people cannot seek office 3. Voter turnout is often low 4. Candidates more important than the issues

National Convention according to Norman Mailer "a fiesta, a carnival, a pig-rooting, horse-snorting, band-playing, voice screaming medieval get together of greed, practical lust, compromised idealism, career- advancement, meeting, feud, vendetta, conciliation of rabble- rousers, fist fights, embraces, drunks and collective rivers of animal sweat." "a fiesta, a carnival, a pig-rooting, horse-snorting, band-playing, voice screaming medieval get together of greed, practical lust, compromised idealism, career- advancement, meeting, feud, vendetta, conciliation of rabble- rousers, fist fights, embraces, drunks and collective rivers of animal sweat."

Political Conventions Video olitics/2012/08/22/cnnexplains- crowley-political-conventions.cnn olitics/2012/08/22/cnnexplains- crowley-political-conventions.cnn olitics/2012/08/22/cnnexplains- crowley-political-conventions.cnn olitics/2012/08/22/cnnexplains- crowley-political-conventions.cnn CNN Explain it to me CNN Explain it to me

The National Convention National Committee chooses the site and dates for the convention National Committee chooses the site and dates for the convention Also tells each state party how many votes the state will have at the convention Also tells each state party how many votes the state will have at the convention

Rules Committee Each party’s rules committee governs the way the convention is run; in most cases the delegates accept the rules committee’s reports, but sometimes hard- fought battles take place by delegates who oppose decisions made by the rules committee Each party’s rules committee governs the way the convention is run; in most cases the delegates accept the rules committee’s reports, but sometimes hard- fought battles take place by delegates who oppose decisions made by the rules committee

Credentials Committee and Committee on Permanent Org. Must approve the delegations from each state, and sometimes lively fights have occurred between rival delegations for a state’s seats Must approve the delegations from each state, and sometimes lively fights have occurred between rival delegations for a state’s seats A committee on permanent organization selects the permanent chairperson and other permanent officials for the convention A committee on permanent organization selects the permanent chairperson and other permanent officials for the convention

Platform Committee The Platform Committee is assigned the important task of writing the party’s platform—a statement of its principles, beliefs, and positions on vital issues The Platform Committee is assigned the important task of writing the party’s platform—a statement of its principles, beliefs, and positions on vital issues Planks, or individual parts of the platform, may divide the delegates Planks, or individual parts of the platform, may divide the delegates If the platform divides the party, the party stands a good chance at losing the election If the platform divides the party, the party stands a good chance at losing the election

Who Picks VP oRUWdlqfxA&playnext=1&list=PL7DC 97F50EC73179A oRUWdlqfxA&playnext=1&list=PL7DC 97F50EC73179A oRUWdlqfxA&playnext=1&list=PL7DC 97F50EC73179A oRUWdlqfxA&playnext=1&list=PL7DC 97F50EC73179A Civics in a Minute (1:54 min) Civics in a Minute (1:54 min)

Vice-Presidential Nomination Presidential nominee selects a running mate that is automatically accepted by convention Presidential nominee selects a running mate that is automatically accepted by convention Selected to balance the ticket, meaning that he/she has a personal, political, or geographical background that is different Selected to balance the ticket, meaning that he/she has a personal, political, or geographical background that is different

Political Conventions lr8JnFPofg lr8JnFPofg lr8JnFPofg lr8JnFPofg Civics in a minute (2 minutes) Civics in a minute (2 minutes)