The Early Americas Chapter 16

What led to the development of complex societies in the Americas?

The Maya developed an advanced civilization that thrived in Mesoamerica from about ’s

Relied on: Relied on: land for farming land for farming Trees and plants for building Trees and plants for building Forest animals for food Forest animals for food

No single ruler united the many city-states into one empire.

King King Priests Priests Merchants Merchants Noble warriors Noble warriors Farmers Farmers slaves slaves

Rebellion by the common people Rebellion by the common people Increased warfare Increased warfare Lack of food Lack of food Climate change Climate change

What led to the development of complex societies in the Americas?

The strong Aztec Empire, founded in central Mexico in 1325, lasted until the Spanish conquest in 1521.

War War Tribute Tribute Trade Trade

Battle captives were used as human sacrifices. Battle captives were used as human sacrifices.

Alliances with other people in the region Alliances with other people in the region Better weapons Better weapons Horses Horses disease disease

What led to the development of complex societies in the Americas?

The Incas controlled a huge empire in South America, but it was conquered by the Spanish.

Brought in new leaders Brought in new leaders Educated leaders’ children in the capital Educated leaders’ children in the capital Established an official religion Established an official religion Established Quechua as the official language Established Quechua as the official language Imposed a labor tax Imposed a labor tax Collected and distributed goods Collected and distributed goods

Upper class Upper class Lived in stone houses Lived in stone houses Wore the best clothes Wore the best clothes Didn’t have to pay labor taxes Didn’t have to pay labor taxes Lower Class Lower Class Worked all day Worked all day Lived outside of the city Lived outside of the city Had to pay labor taxes Had to pay labor taxes Were servants Were servants

War between Atahualpa and Huascar War between Atahualpa and Huascar Refusal of Atahualpa to convert to Christianity Refusal of Atahualpa to convert to Christianity Capture and killing of Atahualpa Capture and killing of Atahualpa