BRIAN J. DROUIN, VIVIENNE PAYNE, FABIANO OYAFUSO, KEEYOON SUNG, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109; ELI MLAWER, Atmospheric and Environmental Research, 131 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA
O 2 has a constant mixing ratio – it is used to measure ◦ temperature ◦ pressure ◦ air-mass O 2 absorption at cm -1 ◦ Known as the ‘A’ band O 2 absorption at 7900 cm -1 ◦ Known as ‘ ’ band O 2 absorption at 2 cm -1 (60 GHz) ◦ Known as ‘fine structure’ band
Oxygen absorption cross-section Temperature dependent air-broadening coefficients Instrument function (ratio this away) Air index of refraction Water content Continuum absorption Temperature dependent air-pressure shift coefficients Temperature dependent water-pressure broadening OCO-2 plans to measure CO 2 concentration to 1 ppm, for a 350 ppm signal, that requires airmass to be known to better than 0.3%.
Two mm-wave studies ◦ Liebe RSI 1977 ◦ Setzer & Pickett 1977 One Raman study ◦ Fanjoux 1996 One NIR (CRDS) study ◦ Vess 2010
Liebe 1977 ◦ Measurements of pressure dependence of dispersion in the vicinity of 9 + transition at 65 GHz for several foreign broadeners ◦ Decided not to publish H 2 O broadening value Pickett 1977 ◦ Measurements of pressure dependent lineshape of 1 - transition at 118 GHz for several foreign broadeners ◦ Compared measurement to Liebe’s unpublished value
Two mm-wave studies ◦ Liebe RSI 1977 ◦ Setzer & Pickett 1977 One Raman study ◦ Fanjoux 1996 One NIR (CRDS) study ◦ Vess 2010
Two mm-wave studies ◦ Liebe RSI 1977 ◦ Setzer & Pickett 1977 One Raman study ◦ Fanjoux 1996 One NIR (CRDS) study ◦ Vess 2010
Vess et al. measured water broadening directly for a few transitions A-band Due to its small effect at room temperature and ambient water vapor pressures the measurements are noisy Values are large compared with Fanjoux
In A-band ◦ Repeat Vess’s work ◦ Perform FTS study In Fine-structure band ◦ Improve on Pickett and Liebe’s work In rotational band ◦ Test band variability
Experimental Design Spectrometer – Modulated microwave synthesizer, multiplier, detector and lock-in-amplifier Gas Cell – metal-quartz conflat seals, z-cut quartz windows, Capacitance manometer, TE-cooled cold finger
N = 9, J = 9 ← 10 Water Pressure (Torr) Differential Lineshape (MHz)
Transitions in range 50 – 1850 GHz Absorption strengths from to cm -1 /cm 2 J, N range
The new data for the fine structure band extends over a broader range of J The error bars are a few percent It agrees best with Fanjoux
Effective parameterization adopted from Long et al. fits experimental data well (black curve)
O 2 -O 2 inter-band comparison ranges from 0% to 6% back to 1% deviations O 2 -H 2 O scaling ranges from 24% to 8%
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Water Broadening of oxygen is (just barely) relevant to the accurate retrieval of air-mass and volume mixing ratios Values assumed for microwave radiometry were very close to new measurements Values used for A-band retrievals should be very similar to microwave values, using the same values will be a reasonable assumption
OCO-2 ABSCO team Tim Crawford NASA - ACLAB