Madonna Lucinda, Sumreen & Jourdon (LSJ)

“Secret”- Bedtime stories Released: September 28, 1994  Style - This music video is in black & white, creating an olden atmosphere. The video begins with an establishing shot/tracking of the outside of a bar; the diegetic sound is demonstrated through an acoustic guitar and drums. Goodwin's theory – Madonna’s music video “Secret” generally subverts Goodwin's theory. However, some factors may be taken into account: the relationship between the music and visuals; as the music is very mellow, the use of an acoustic guitar and visuals of Madonna singing in a bar creates a tranquil atmosphere of love. Post-modern – This video can be seen as post- modern through Gilles Deleuze’s rhizome theory as we can associate certain shots as eclectic; we are portrayed with random shots of New York and black children and shirtless men whilst Madonna is singing a love song. We may also be able to link this video to intertextuality as Madonna is styled as Marylyn Monroe through her makeup and certain elements of her costume.

“Cherish”- Like a Prayer Released: August 1, 1989 Style – This music video is filmed at a beach creating a summer feel, it is also in black and white which adds to the love theme, the instruments used create a cheerful atmosphere (piano, drums, guitar). Goodwin's theory – “Cherish” conforms to many elements of Goodwin’s theory of the music video; as the music video demonstrates pop genre characteristics through many close-up shots of Madonna Post-modern – We may see this video as post-modern through certain elements such as mermen, this is very random therefore it may be seen as eclectic.