Chapter 11: Admission, Discharge, Transfer, and Referrals Carolyne Richardson-Phillips, RN, MS PNU 145 Fall 2015 Pages 168 – 185

Learning Outcomes: By the end of this session, the PN Student will be able to: List the major steps involved in the admission process Identify common psychosocial responses when clients are admitted to a health care agency List the steps involved in the discharge process Discuss the use of transfers Explain the difference between transferring and referring clients Describe levels of care that nursing homes provide Discuss the purpose of the MDS Identify two contributing factors to the increased demand for home health care

Admission Involves Authorization from healthcare professional - the person requires specialized care and treatment Collection of billing information by admitting department of the health care facility Completion of agency’s admission data base by nursing personnel Documentation of the client’s medical history and findings from physical examination: advanced directives; family history; psychosocial history; history of mental illness; spiritual health; safety assessment; discharge information Development of an initial nursing care plan Initial medical orders for treatment Medical authorization & responsibilities Admitting Department or Unit Types Inpatient Outpatient

Nursing Admission Activities Preparing client’s room Obtaining medical equipment Welcoming client Orientating client: helping a person become familiar with a new environment to facilitate comfort and adaptation; meal times; call light; bed & television control; visiting hours; restrooms Safeguarding valuables and clothing: have family members take home valuable items if possible; follow agency policies Helping client undress Compiling nursing assessments/written information: Initiating Nursing Plan of Care Notifying physician & obtaining orders

Psychosocial Responses on Admission Client Anxiety and fear Decisional conflict Situational low self-esteem Powerlessness Social Isolation – Loneliness Decreased Privacy Loss of Identity

The Discharge Process Discharge Planning-Begins at admission or shortly after Process that improves client outcomes by: Predetermined post-discharge needs in a timely manner Coordinating the use of appropriate community resources to provide continuum of care Involves a multidisciplinary team

Some Steps in Discharge Process Discharge planning Obtaining a written medical order Completing discharge instructions (Meds, appointments, treatments, therapy & more) Notifying the business office Discharging the client Gathering belongings, arranging transportation, escorting the client Writing a discharge summary Requesting that the room be cleaned Notifying admitting that the client has left

The Transfer Process Transfer: discharging a client from one unit or agency Transfers occur when Facilitate more specialized care Reduce health care costs Provide less intensive nursing care Steps Involved Informing client & family Completing a transfer summary Speaking with a nurse on the transfer unit to coordinate the transfer Transporting the client and belongings, medications, nursing supplies, and written information to the other unit

Extended Care Facilities Skilled nursing facilities: usually 24 hr nursing care Intermediate care facilities: do not need 24 hr nursing care Basic care facilities: provides extended custodial care Determining the Level of Care: determined at or prior to admission Each client is assess using a standard form developed by the Health Care Financing Association called a Minimum Date Set for Nursing Home Resident Assessment and Care Screening

Determining the Level of Care for Skilled Facilities Minimum Data Set (MDS) Standard form developed by the Health Care Financing Association How some facilities are paid-there is a set amount for each level of care MDS is repeated every 3 months or whenever a client’s condition changes Problems identified on the MDS are then reflected in the nursing care plan Assessment: cognitive patterns, communication & hearing patterns, vision patterns, physical functioning and structural problems, continence patterns in the last 14 days, psychosocial well-being, mood & behavior patterns, activity pursuit patterns, disease diagnosis, health conditions, oral & nutritional status, oral and dental status, skin condition, medication use, special treatments and procedures

Selecting A Nursing Home Nurses teaches the client or family the following: Find out the level of care that the facility is licensed to provide Review inspection reports on each facility Asks for recommendation Visit the nursing home Note appearance of residents and the staff response Observe for cleanliness & odor Request brochures on services Clarify charges & billing procedures Analyze the overall impression of the facility

The Referral Process A referral: process of sending someone to another person or agency for special services Referrals generally are made to private practitioners or community agencies - Counsel of aging - Hospice - VNA - Home health services - Respite care - Meals on Wheels - Rehabilitation

Home Health Care Provided in the home by an employee of a home health agency Has increased due to limitations imposed by Medicare and insurance companies on the number of hospital and nursing home days for which they are reimbursed Home care nursing services Help shorten time & recovery in hospital Prevent admissions to extended care facilities Reduce readmissions to acute care facilities Responsibilities of home health nurses

Reference ATI Nursing Education (2013). Chapter 9: Admissions, Transfers & Discharges. Fundamentals of Nursing (8th Ed) Timby, B., K. (2013) (10th ed.) Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concepts. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.