Starter: Practice /application/Connection/ Exit: ( Answer all questions in complete sentences) Practice /application/Connection/ Exit: 4. What is a joint? 5. Name the different types of joints. 6. Where can joints be found? 7. Your skull protects what delicate organ? 8. How many bones make up the skull? 9. Explain how do muscles cause movement. 10. What are the two types of muscles and where are they found? 1.Blood is manufactured in what part of the body? 2.What is found where two or more bones come together? 3.What types of connective tissues make up the skeletal system? Skeletal and Muscular system notes 2/9/15

February 09, 2015 AGENDA Objective 7.12 B Identify the main functions of the systems of the human organism, including the circulatory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, excretory, reproductive, integumentary, nervous, and endocrine systems by completing notes over the skeletal and muscular systems 1. Starter 2. Skeletal/Muscular Notes 3. Questions

Table of Contents DateLecture/ Activity/ Lab Page 1/27 Cell State /28 Cell Comparison Booklet /29 Mitosis Notes /30 Mitosis Poster /2 Mitosis Sort and Review /3 Test Review /5-6 Body Systems Overview /9 Skeletal and Muscular system notes

The Skeletal and Muscular System

Skeletal System It’s all about the bones!!!

1. FYI 4 Cool Facts about the Skeletal System 1. 20% of your body weight is bone Do the math (Your body weight) X.20= the weight of your bones 2. There are 30 bones in your skull 3. You have 206 bones More than ½ of these are in your hands and feet 4. Your largest bone is your femur and your smallest bone is in your Ear!

2. Functions of the Skeletal System Provides shape and support Enables you to move (works with muscles) Protects internal organs Produces blood cells Stores materials for future use (HOMEOSTASIS ALERT!)

3. Shape and Support Provides Shape and Support for Body Shape depends on the organ/organ system it needs to protect. Example: Skull thick and round to cover brain!

4. Protects Internal Organs Protect your internal organs Organs can be easily squished Example: Heart and breastbone Lungs and rib cage Spinal cord and spine

5. Produces Blood Cells 1. Produces substances our body needs Blood cells (white and red) made in the marrow of the long bones of the arms and legs. Bone Marrow

6. Stores Materials for Future Use 1. Stores substances until your body needs them Stores calcium and phosphorus Homeostasis alert! Bones release small amounts of Calcium and phosphorus into body when body is running low! Compact bone – where blood vessels are and minerals are stored

7. Enables you to move Muscles work with bones to make you move

8. Joints of the Skeletal System Where two or more bones come together are called joints. The two kinds of joints are movable and immovable.

9. Immovable Joints Joints in the body where there is little or no movement. Examples: Skull Ribs

10. Movable Joints Joints that allow movement. Most of the joints in the body are movable. There are 4 types of movable joints: Hinge Ball and Socket Gliding Pivot

11. Movable Joints of the Skeletal System Ball and Socket Joints Allows fullest range of motion Examples: shoulder and hip

12. Movable Joints of the Skeletal System Pivot Joints Allows one bones to rotate around another. Example: neck

13. Movable Joints of the Skeletal System Hinge Joints Allows forward and backward motion Example: knee and elbow

14. Movable Joints of the Skeletal System Gliding Joints Allows one bone to slide over another. Example: wrist and ankle

15. Joints of the Skeletal System Bones in movable joints are held together by strong connective tissue called ligaments. Ligaments are like the “tape” that holds bones together.

16. Joints of the Skeletal System Some joints have a flexible tissue that cushions the end of the bones called cartilage.

Muscular System The Power to Move, The Power to Live

1. How Do Muscles Work? Muscles work by contracting or shortening to cause movement, like a spring or rubber band pulling on something when it shortens. Muscles can only pull they cannot push!!

How do they work? Muscles are connected to bones by an elastic-like strap called a tendon. Because muscles cannot push, they have to work in a pair with another muscle to move bones. While one pulls or contracts the other relaxes. Cramps caused when muscles contract and stay contracted.

2. Muscle Types All your muscles can be classified into two categories 1. Involuntary Muscles 2. Voluntary Muscle

3. Involuntary Muscle Muscle that is not under conscious control  You don’t have to think about the things these muscles control Examples:  Heart beating  Food digesting

4. Voluntary Muscle Muscle that is under conscious control Ex. Flexing your arm muscle

5. Types of Muscle Tissue There are three types of muscle tissue that help our body function Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle Cardiac Muscle They all look differently & have separate functions

6. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics Voluntary Muscle —these are the activities you control in your body Tire quickly Function Provides force that moves your bones

7. Smooth Muscle Characteristics Involuntary muscle Lines the inside of your internal organs, and blood vessels Tires slowly Function Churns stomach to help food digestion Also in the intestines

8. Cardiac Muscle Characteristics Involuntary Muscle Only found in the heart Never gets tired Functions Causes heart to beat so blood can be pumped to the body.

Starter: Practice /application/Connection/ Exit: ( Answer all questions in complete sentences) Practice /application/Connection/ Exit: 4. What is a joint? 5. Name the different types of joints. 6. Where can joints be found? 7. Your skull protects what delicate organ? 8. How many bones make up the skull? 9. Explain how do muscles cause movement. 10. What are the two types of muscles and where are they found? 1.Blood is manufactured in what part of the body? 2.What is found where two or more bones come together? 3.What types of connective tissues make up the skeletal system? Skeletal and Muscular system notes 2/9/15