Ch 1 1 Chapter 1 Introduction Giancoli, PHYSICS,6/E © Electronically reproduced by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Module 1

Ch 1 2 What is Physics ? Discipline of Science dealing with the properties of matter and energy. Includes; acoustics, astrophysics, atomic physics, cryogenics, electromagnetism, elementary particle physics, fluid dynamics, geophysics, mathematical physics, mechanics, molecular physics, nuclear physics, optics, plasma physics, quantum physics, solid state physics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics.

Ch 1 3 Topics Covered in PHYS 243 Classical Mechanics Fluids Vibrations and Waves Sound Thermodynamics

Ch 1 4 Measurement Uncertainty In lab you will have to estimate the uncertainty in any measurement. The result might be X =8.8 cm ± 0.1cm Another way to show uncertainty is the number of significant figures – the number of reliably known digits, which might be two in this case.

Ch 1 5 Measurement Uncertainty In lab you will have to estimate the uncertainty in any measurement. The result might be X =8.8 cm ± 0.1cm Another way to show uncertainty is the number of significant figures – the number of reliably known digits, which might be two in this case.

Ch 1 6 Significant Figures has two significant figures has four 800 has one (probably), 8.00x10 2 has three the final result of multiplication or division should have only as many digits as the number with the least number of significant figures used in the calculation. ( x 1.1 = 26 ) the final result of addition or subtraction is no more accurate than the least accurate number used = 111

Ch Units, Standards and SI System Length: 1 meter defined as the distance light travels in 1 / 299,792,458 of a second. Mass: 1 kilogram defined as a standard mass of a certain cylinder kept near Paris Unified Atomic Mass: 1 u defined as the 1/12 of the mass of the 12 C atom. 1u = x kg Time: 1 second defined by a cesium clock.

Ch 1 8 Metric Prefixes You must know gigaG10 9 megaM10 6 kilok10 3 centic10 -2 millim10 -3 micro  nanon10 -9 picop femtof10 -15

Ch 1 9 Math Symbols x > yx is greater than y y < xy is less than x y << xy is much less than x y  xy is approximately equal x y  xy is defined equal to x  xchange in x

Ch 1 10 Converting Units You are strongly urged to use the standard way of doing units conversion in physics. It reduces errors and is much easier for the grader to check. It is based on the fact that you can multiply anything by ‘1’ without changing its value. Example: 1 inch = 2.54 cm Thus Example: The area of a surface 5.0 in by 3.0 in is

Ch 1 11 Order Of Magnitude Estimate It is a good idea to do a rough estimate before doing a detailed calculation When you work a problem, ask yourself if the result appears reasonable.

Ch 1 12 Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis In order to be correct, an answer must have the correct units. Your solution must include units to show how they work out You can often use units to guide you to the answer. Useful Rule: We can add or subtract quantities only if they have the same dimensions. Example: Each term must have units of length.

Appendix A The text has an excellent summary of the math you need for this course. You must understand all of the material in Appendix A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4 and A- 7 Ch 1 13