© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 1 Version 4.1 Planning a Network Upgrade Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 3

2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Objectives  Perform a customer site survey.  Describe the importance of planning when beginning a network upgrade.  Describe physical topology considerations when upgrading a network.  Describe structured cabling.  Describe network configuration and interaction of network devices.  Describe other considerations when planning an upgrade.

3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Perform a site survey.  Investigate and document the physical layout of the premises.

4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Current information gathered during a site survey: –Number of users and types of equipment –Current Internet connectivity –Application requirements –Existing infrastructure –Physical layout

5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Planning information gathered during a site survey: –Projected growth –New services required –Security and privacy requirements –Reliability and uptime expected –Budget constraints

6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Physical topologies –Wired –Wireless  Logical topologies

7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Understand the relationship between the devices and the network, regardless of the physical cabling layout

8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Documenting the Existing Network  Record information about the current network on a brief inventory sheet.

9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Planning the Network Upgrade  Requirements Gathering  Selection and Design  Implementation  Operation  Review and Evaluation

10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Planning the Network Upgrade  Physical environment  Wiring closets: MDF, IDF

11 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Planning the Network Upgrade  Cabling considerations: –User work areas –Telecommunications room –Backbone area –Distribution area

12 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Planning the Network Upgrade  Structured cabling  Cabling choices: STP, UTP, coaxial, fiber optic  Patch cables  Horizontal cabling  Vertical cabling  Backbone cabling  Cable management  Cable labeling

13 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Planning the Network Upgrade  Straight-through cables  Crossover cables  Console (rollover) cables  Serial cables

14 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  Managed Service  In-House

15 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  LAN switches provide connectivity within the local area networks.

16 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  Routers interconnect local networks and are needed in a WAN environment.

17 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  ISRs combine the functions of switches, routers, access points, and firewalls into the same device.

18 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment Factors for choosing a router:  Type of connectivity  Features available  Cost

19 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  Design considerations: –Reliability –Availability –“5 9s of uptime” –Fault tolerance

20 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment  IP addressing plan: –IP address scheme –Network information

21 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Summary  A site survey including extensive documentation of both physical and logical network information must be performed before a network upgrade can be planned.  The five phases of a network upgrade include requirements gathering, selection and design, implementation, operation, and review and evaluation.  Structured cabling deals with the placement of cables, location of wiring closets, cable management, and electrical considerations.  Cost and expandability are important considerations when planning equipment upgrades.

22 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public