Slide 1 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Third RMSIG Workshop Basic Modeling Concepts Wolfram Höpken

Slide 2 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Workshop Objective first and second workshop –discuss and agree upon methodology and process discuss white paper evaluate prototype third workshop –identify basic modeling concepts and mechanisms –specify tourism specific modeling language forth workshop –specify reference model building blocks fifth workshop –agree upon first release of reference model

Slide 3 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 4 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 5 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Motivation drawbacks of current standardization initiatives –lack of flexibility and extendibility fix standards are hard to maintain no possibility for suppliers to differentiate their offer –lack of expressiveness description languages (e.g. XML) can not express all information, necessary for interoperability lack of semantic information (e.g. relationships), process information, constraints,...

Slide 6 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Methodology framework for modeling electronic tourism markets –uniform language with standardized building blocks as vocabulary for describing electronic tourism markets –conceptual, abstract modeling of tourism markets –modeling based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Slide 7 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group UML – Unified Modeling Language graphical language for describing and visualizing models of systems UML 1.3 adopted as standard by the OMG enables the modeling of –static structure of a system entities, their internal structure relationships between entities –behavior of a system interactions between entities (scenarios) state sequences, activity sequences

Slide 8 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Modeling Levels UML model XML model Distributed object model

Slide 9 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group XML Perspective XMI documents XML DTDs UML DTDs Meta level XML documents Data level UML model

Slide 10 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Distributed Object Perspective UML model (concept) UML model (BOI) XMI documents XML DTDs XML documents Meta level Data level BOs IDL descriptions XMI documents

Slide 11 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Modeling Language tourism specific modeling language based on the UML –extends the UML by domain specific concepts and mechanisms composition mechanism market interface descriptions –provides building blocks as specific modeling elements –enables the flexible description of specific models

Slide 12 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Modeling Language (2) UML Domain model Common meta level concrete level

Slide 13 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Modeling Language (2) UML Domain model Common meta level concrete level Tourism modeling language Domain specific meta level

Slide 14 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Building Blocks building blocks as specific modeling elements building blocks are provided on different levels of granularity –elementary building blocks (date, location,...) –tourism services (flight, hotel,...) –process building blocks (searching, booking,...)

Slide 15 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Building Blocks Process layer Entity layer Base layer Name Category Room Hotel Time Route Class Fligh t Name Address Age Customer Criteria Customer ResultList Searchin g Service Customer Date Booking StartLocatio n EndLocation Route Date Time FacilitiesLocation Address Name

Slide 16 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Building Concrete Models concrete models with specific entities are described or modelled by the UML-based tourism modeling language the provided building blocks can be used as basic modeling elements –composition: describe a specific entity as a composition of building blocks –inheritance: describe a specific entity as a refinement of a building block

Slide 17 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Specific model Reference model Building Concrete Models (2) Name Category Room Hotel CureServices Name Category Room CureHotel derive Category Room Time MoonFlight compose MealPlan Time Route Class compose XYFlight Time Class Room Name Route Category CureServices MealPlan

Slide 18 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Interoperability SupplierCustomer Reference model 2 lookup 3 MealPlan Time Route Class XYFlight MealPlan TimeRoute Class 1 MealPlan TimeRoute Class 5 MealPlan TimeRoute Class 4 MealPlan Time Route Class XYFlight

Slide 19 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Advantages flexibility and adaptability for suppliers flexibility for change low entrance barriers to electronic markets for suppliers (SMEs) easy access of customers to a wide range of services separation of semantic aspects and technical aspects interoperability is supported on all possible communication levels

Slide 20 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 21 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 22 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Market Participants and Requirements identification of participants of electronic tourism markets (customer, supplier,...) identification of their requirements to each other: –functional requirements –non-functional requirements use cases of electronic tourism markets

Slide 23 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Market Participants

Slide 24 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Requirements Customer/Broker to Supplier search requests –vague requests –similar results –service composition availability requests booking execution –booking of services –status request –cancelling a booking further information (descriptions, pictures) user profiles feedback management request metadata security support of different languages and currencies

Slide 25 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Use Cases Customer/Broker to Supplier

Slide 26 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Requirements Customer to Broker request for market data (e.g. list of suppliers and available services) periodical and event triggered requests auction services

Slide 27 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Use Cases Customer to Broker

Slide 28 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Requirements Front-end Supplier to Broker supply of tourism services –creation and modification of services –definition of flexible services –substitution services –composition services booking processing request user profiles

Slide 29 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Use Cases Front-end Supplier to Broker

Slide 30 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 31 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 32 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 33 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Tourism Modeling Language tourism specific modeling language –provides basic concepts and mechanisms for modeling electronic tourism markets –enables the uniform description of specific market components approach –metalevel extends the UML by domain specific modeling elements –building blocks are provided as common vocabulary

Slide 34 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Concepts and Mechanisms composition mechanism for the flexible construction of tourism services –elementary tourism services out of service components (e.g. hotel out of room and meal plan) –composition services out of elementary services (e.g. package tour out of flight and hotel) availability –flexible management of the availability of tourism services or their components

Slide 35 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Concepts and Mechanisms (2) selection criteria –modeling selection relevant characteristics of tourism services in a flexible way depending on the components of a tourism service evaluated dynamically out of the attributes selection hierarchies –comfortable selection process (fuzzy requests, similar results) –flexible derivation of building blocks

Slide 36 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Concepts and Mechanisms (3) views on tourism services –consideration of different interfaces (views) of tourism services, depending on the role of the observer (market participant) the market, in which the service is offered service states –modeling different states of tourism services during their lifecycle (offered, booked, used) and state transitions

Slide 37 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Concepts and Mechanisms (4) multi language support –consideration of different languages for all language-dependent information country-specific formats –integration of different country-specific formats for date, time, currency etc. and transformation between different formats

Slide 38 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Concepts and Mechanisms (5) market processes –concept for describing market component interfaces, consisting of market processes –interface descriptions understandable for other market participants

Slide 39 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Reference Model Architecture Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 40 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Reference Model Metalevel extends the UML provides a virtual metamodel adds tourism specific modeling elements described as UML profile –stereotypes –tagged values –constraints Metalevel Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses

Slide 41 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Reference Model Metalevel types:metaclasses for modeling tourism- specific basic types common entities:metaclasses, which are used in different packages of the metamodel tourism services: metaclasses, providing concepts for constructing tourism services service states:metaclasses, for dealing with different states of tourism services processes: metaclasses for describing market processes and interfaces Metalevel Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses

Slide 42 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Tourism Services Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 43 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Composition Mechanism mechanism for the flexible construction of tourism services (composition mechanism) –complex services as composition of elementary services (e.g. package tour as composition of flight and hotel) –elementary services as composition of service components (e.g. hotel as composition of room and meal plan) composition consists of –components (elementary components or compositions) –selection criteria (attributes) –constraints (restrict combination possibilities)

Slide 44 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Example Package Tour outward flight departure airport destination airport price return flight departure airport destination airport price hotel name destination price package tour point of departure destination hotel name price Constraints: destination airport outward flight = hotel dest. departure airport return flight = hotel dest. arrival date outward flight = hotel check-in date departure date return flight = hotel check-out date

Slide 45 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Composition Mechanism

Slide 46 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Example Hotel

Slide 47 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Example Train

Slide 48 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Selection Criteria selection relevant characteristics of tourism services represent a dynamic interface to the customer evaluated from the attributes of service components

Slide 49 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Selection Criteria

Slide 50 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Views concept for different views on tourism services views depend on –the market in which the service is offered –the role of the observer (e.g. business or leisure traveller) views provide additional selection criteria, evaluated by the selection criteria of the tourism service

Slide 51 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Views

Slide 52 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Views

Slide 53 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Selection Hierarchies selection hierarchies consist of the values of an attribute or selection criterion on different abstraction levels selection hierarchies support –flexible derivation of building blocks –comfortable selection process fuzzy requests similar results

Slide 54 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Selection Hierarchies (2)

Slide 55 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Availability mechanism for specifying the availability of components of tourism services consideration of availability variants –no availability (no bookability) –tiered availability available (bookable) limited available (unsecure bookable) not available (not bookable) –complete availability (full bookability)

Slide 56 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Availability (2)

Slide 57 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Example Hotel

Slide 58 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Building Blocks Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 59 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Tourism Service Accommodation

Slide 60 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Tourism Service Hotel

Slide 61 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Service States Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 62 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Service States different states of a tourism service during its lifecycle –potential service:provided by a supplier contains all optional components and variants –offered service:result of a search request variants areselected, selection criteria evaluated –booked service:offered service, which has been booked by a customer –used service:service, which has been used by the customer

Slide 63 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Service States (2)

Slide 64 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Market Processes and Components Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 65 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Market Processes and Components market components provide a set of services or processes interfaces of market components are described by the available processes and their input and output lookup service provides market interface descriptions to other market participants

Slide 66 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Search Process

Slide 67 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Search Process (2)

Slide 68 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Types Building blocks Metalevel Process layer Entity layer Base layer Information processes Booking processes Common entities Service components Elementary tourism services Composition services Service states Common entities Tourism services TypesProcesses Common types Data main- tenance Session manage- ment Lookup service Base classes

Slide 69 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Types concepts for modeling specific basic types support of different languages and country- specific formats –simple types:tourism specific simple types (e.g. bed type, room type, age) –type families:union of types, each member representing a specific format (e.g. different formats for currency, date or time) –multi types:containing different instances of a simple type as variants (e.g. a hotel name or description in different languages)

Slide 70 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Types (2)

Slide 71 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 72 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 73 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion

Slide 74 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Process of the RMSIG expand domain analysis (survey) finalize tourism modeling language specify common building blocks forth workshop commit reference model fifth workshop review activities Tourtags.org

Slide 75 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Milestones and Deliverables 07/2000 Initial methodological framework Committed initial version of the methodological framework for harmonizing electronic tourism markets 11/2000Initial specification of electronic tourism markets Committed initial specification of electronic tourism markets 01/2001 Committed methodology and specification Committed final version of the harmonization methodology and the specification of electronic tourism markets 03/2001 Reference model of an electronic tourism market – Version 1.0 First committed version of the reference model

Slide 76 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Next Activities forth workshop –objective specify reference model building blocks prepare first version of reference model –date: end of November next activities –expand domain analysis (survey) –finalize modeling language elements –specify building blocks

Slide 77 Wolfram Höpken RMSIG Reference Model Special Interest Group Agenda methodology of the reference model market participants and requirements domain analysis – survey specification of tourism modeling language Tourtags.org process of the RMSIG and next activities conclusion