Human Growth and Development Contraception Human Growth and Development

Abstinence How does it work? How effective is it? Choosing not to have sex How effective is it? 100% effective against preventing pregnancy Prevent against STDs? 100% effective against preventing STDs

Abstinence Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Neither, personal decision Male or Female? Both Why choose this method? Moral reasons, don’t want to get pregnant or get a disease, not ready for sex, etc.

The Pill How does it work? How effective is it? Prevent against STDs? Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing How effective is it? 92% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

The Pill Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

The Patch (Ortho Evra) How does it work? How effective is it? Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing. Except that hormones do not pass through digestive system. How effective is it? 92% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

The Patch Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

The Ring (Nuva Ring) How does it work? How effective is it? Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing. Except that hormones do not pass through digestive system. How effective is it? 92% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

The Ring Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

The Shot (Depo Provera) How does it work? Thickens cervical mucous to prevent the passage of sperm How effective is it? 97% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

The Shot Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed and given by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, only one shot every three months. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

Copper IUD How does it work? How effective is it? T-shaped copper device inserted into uterus at doctor’s office. Can leave in place for up to 10 years. Believed to inhibit passage of sperm and maturation of eggs. How effective is it? 99% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Copper IUD Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed and administered by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, can leave it in up to ten years. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant.

Mirena IUD How does it work? How effective is it? T-shaped plastic device, with progestin, inserted into uterus at doctor’s office. Can leave in place for 5 years. Thickens cervical mucus to block sperm. How effective is it? 99% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Mirena IUD Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed and administered by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, can leave it in up to five years. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant.

Diaphragm How does it work? How effective is it? Prevent against STDs? Round plastic disc filled with spermicide and inserted into vagina prior to sexual intercourse. Disc covers cervix completely blocking the passage of sperm. How effective is it? 84% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Diaphragm Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Must be prescribed and fitted by a doctor Male or Female? Female only Why choose this method? In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant. No hormonal side effects.

Male Condom How does it work? How effective is it? Latex or plastic sheath is placed over penis before sexual intercourse, prevents the passage of bodily fluids between partners How effective is it? 85% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? YES!

Male Condom Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Store, no prescription needed Male or Female? Male Why choose this method? Want to prevent STDs and pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use.

Female Condom How does it work? How effective is it? Latex or plastic sheath is placed in vagina before sexual intercourse, prevents the passage of bodily fluids between partners How effective is it? 79% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? YES!

Female Condom Continued Store or Clinic? Store, no prescription needed Male or Female? Female Why choose this method? Want to prevent STDs and pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use.

Spermicides How does it work? How effective is it? Cream, gel or foam is inserted into vagina or inside condom before sexual intercourse How effective is it? Alone, it’s ~60% against pregnancy in typical users Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Spermicides Continued Store or Clinic? Store, no prescription needed Male or Female? Male or Female Why choose this method? Want to prevent pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use. Best if used in conjunction with condom

Withdrawal How does it work? How effective is it? Penis is pulled out of partner during sexual intercourse, prior to ejaculation How effective is it? Very ineffective, rates vary depending on the male partner’s self-knowledge and self-control Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Withdrawal Continued Store or Clinic? Male or Female? Neither Male or Female? Male Why choose this method? Better than nothing if wanting to prevent pregnancy. Many think of this as a non-method because of the high risk of pregnancy and disease transmission

Emergency Contraception (Plan B) How does it work? Pill from doctor or pharmacy is taken right after sexual intercourse (within the first five days) Prevents pregnancy by stopping ovulation or fertilization How effective is it? Reduces the risk of pregnancy by 75-89 percent when started within 72 hours Prevent against STDs? Not at all

Emergency Contraception Continued Store or Clinic? Doctor or pharmacy must prescribe Male or Female? Female Why choose this method? This should just be used as a last resort to prevent pregnancy if other birth control failed or wasn’t used.