객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab1 Chap 10. Standards in OO 서울대학교 컴퓨터공학과 객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU OOPSLA LAB 김 형 주 교수 u Object-orientation by Khoshafian and Abnous

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab2 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Object Sharing and Interoperability 3. Understanding OMG 4. OLE 2 5. OpenDoc 6. ODMG Summary

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab3 1. Introduction u Object sharing and interoperability u Same or different heterogeneous machine u OMG CORBA u MS OLE 2 u CILabs OpenDoc u Next Generation Databases u SQL3 u ODMG-93

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab4 2. Object Sharing and Interoperability (1) u Component software u A reusable piece of s/w can be plugged into other components u Compound documents u Contain components pertaining to different applications u Located on physically distributed sites in a network u Figure 10.1 u graphics package, spreadshet, word processor, groupware u bitmap image, vector graphics, text, voice, video

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab5 Object Sharing and Interoperability (2) u Standardization u MS OLE 2, CI Labs OpenDoc u Binary representation of the objects u Ability of components to be written in different languages u Microsoft Component Object Model (COM) u IBM System Object Model (SOM) u User interface standard u Interaction with the component document u Presentation, creation, menus, integration of parts

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab6 Object Sharing and Interoperability (3) u Storage representation standard u Standards for storing compound document part u Hierarchical containment storage structure u Distributed and collaborative computing u Interaction of components in a distributed collaborative environment

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab7 Major Stream Standards Major Stream Standards u Compound document sharing u MS OLE2 u CI Labs (IBM + Apple) Open Doc u MS COM u IBM SOM u Distributed/Collaborative computing u MS DCOM u IBM DSOM u OMG (SUN, HP, DEC) CORBA

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab8 3. Understanding OMG u “To help reduce complexity, lower costs, and hasten the introduction of new software architecture” (OMG Guide, 1992)  Define the architecture for modularized software applications by defining the standard infrastructure and framework required to support such applications in a heterogeneous distributed network of computers u HP, Digital, SUN, IBM, and more 1000 computer related organizations in the world

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab9 CORBA (1) u 3.1 CORBA Overview  Common Object Request Broker Architecture u Framework and specification for object collaboration and sharing across heterogeneous networks of machines and applications u CORBA Object Model u Object u Operations u Types u Subtyping

Application Objects Application Objects Object Request Broker Common Facilities Common Facilities Object Services CORBA Architecture

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab CORBA- Architecture u Object Request Broker u Backbone of CORBA u Corba programming: u IDL + API ==> client/server object interaction u ORB clients u Applications or objects can send message to any other CORBA-compliant objects u Static interface u Precompiled IDL stubs to invoke object services u Dynamic interface u Request an ORB, retrieve its method name, dynamically invoke the object’s method u Object adaptor u Services for managing objects within an ORB server u Functionality to instantiate objects, generate and manage object references, route client requests to server methods, broadcast the presence of object servers

Client ORB A ORB B Server Logical Request Bridge ORB-to-ORB bridging

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab CORBA- Architecture u Application Objects u Specific to end-user application u Common Facilities u General purpose components u Horizontal u Presentation of data u retrieval and storage of information u system/task management u Vertical u Health, finance, legal etc

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab CORBA- Architecture u Object Services u Event notification services u Interface for registering and delivering events u Persistence services u Interface for storing objects u Life-cycle management services u Define how to manage objects u Transaction services : Two phase commit protocol u Concurrency control services : Locking u Relationships services :Link u Externalization services u Object stream interface

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab15 4. OLE 2 u Since 1993 u OLE automation allows one application to interact with and use the services of another application u MS claims u 1980 ==> personalization of computing u 1990 ==> componentization of computing u OLE2 will transform the way software is producd and used u Container, Component technology u Compound document sharing: Object Linking and Embedding u Another O/S: more than 100 API functions

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab16 OLE2: Component Object Model u Interoperability u Marshalling: synchronous rpc mechanism In-Place Activatoin Embedding Linking Compound Document Drag and Drop Uniform Data Transfer Compound Files Automation Monikers Component Object Model

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab17 Architecture of OLE 2 (2) u OLE 2 storage model u Flie system within a file : storage,stream u Transacted storage u Incremental access u Sharable storage

Storage Object Substorage Stream Storage Object

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab19 Architecture of OLE 2 (3) u Uniform data transfer u Uniform mechanism for transferring any type of data u Drag and drop u Embedding object u Component document u Viewing components u Automatically store and use a graphical image of objects u Linking and monikers u Moniker: location of source data and code to bind to data u In-place activation u Only single window to work with the compound document u Automation u Register a set of commands or functions

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab20 5. OpenDoc (1) u CI Labs: Component Integration Laboratories u IBM and Apple (since 1994) u 5.1 Document or content-based model u A document is a structural collection of parts u 5.2 Parts : object pertaining to a different application u Root part u Content objects u 5.3 Part handlers (application programs) u Displaying the part u Editing the part u Managing storage for the part

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab21 OpenDoc (2) u 5.4 Editors and viewers u Part editors and part viewers u 5.5 In-place editing u One context of compound document and edit in-place u 5.6 Frames and layout u Compound document parts can be wrapped with built-in frames and layouts u 5.7 Linking: Parts can be embedded in other parts u 5.8 Storage u Persistent multipart documents u concurrent accesses by multiple part handlers

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab22 OpenDoc (3) u 5.9 Run time: the document shell for each document u the persistent storage system u the window and its associated state u the event dispatcher u an arbitration registry u 5.10 Sharing and distributed objects u Concurrently sharing compound documents u Versioning u Distributed objects: remote object invocation u DSOM

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab23 6. Standardization for OODB: ODMG-93 u Relational u SQL, SQL-92 (SQL2), ODBC, SQL3 u Object-oriented database standard:ODMG93 u Object Design, ONTOS, O2, Versant, Objectivity, HP, POET, Itasca, Intellitic, DEC, Servio, TI, etc u Main goal : “To put forward a set of standards allowing an ODBMS customer to write portable applcations, i.e, applications that could run on more than one ODBMS product”

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 Object Model u Types u One interface, several implementations u A subtype can specialize a supertype u Object identity u Literals u Atomic values, structured atomic values

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 Object Model (cont’d) u Structured objects u Structure construct u Collection type u Set,Bag,List,Array u Relationships u One-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many u Inverse of relationship

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 ODL (1) u Syntax for defining interfaces u Compatible with OMG’s IDL interface :: = interface [:supertype list>] { [ ] };

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 ODL (2) interface SalesPerson: Employee { extent SalesPeople; attribute string District; relationship Set Accounts inverse Account::SalesRep; relationship Set WorksIn; SalesManager Manager;... };

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 OQL (1) u Standardize a number of OO database language concepts u Support both values and identity u Constructor type, set operator, collection expression, aggregate

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 OQL (2) BNF form select from in where select struct(ManagerName: x.Manager.name, DepartmentName: y.Name) from x in SalesPeople, y in x.WorksIn where y.Location.City = “NY”

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab The ODMG-93 C++ Bindings u Descriptions and specifications for the C++ ODL/OML constructs in the ODMG standard u C++ ODL u Binding u Through a class library u C++ OML u Classes and OQL functions

C++ ODL Delcarations C++ ODL Delcarations ODL Preprocessor ODL Preprocessor C++ Compiler C++ Compiler Object Code Object Code ODBMS RunTime ODBMS RunTime Linker Executable Application Executable Application Preprocessor Generated C++ Header X Source Files Preprocessor Generated C++ Header X Source Files User Source and Header C++ Files User Source and Header C++ Files ODBMS Data MetaData Object DBMS The Step involved in generating executable applications from C++ODL

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab OMG and ODMG-93 (1) u ODMG/OM (object model) u A superset of the OMG/OM u Interoperability and portability u ODMG/ODL (object definition language) u A superset of IDL u ORB and ODMG-93 u Object Database Adaptor u Handling client objects registered through an ORB interface

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab ODMG-93 and SQL3 u Object Oriented DBMS u OQL/ODL u Relational DBMS u SQL3 u Object oriented features u Programming language features

객체지향시스템 연구실 SNU, OOPSLA Lab34 Summary u Object sharing and interoperability u Allow applications to share objects u Major Standards u OMG CORBA u Microsoft OLE 2 u CILab OpenDoc u Database u ODMG-93 u Provide a framework for interoperability for OODBMS applications