Victorian England Marlena, Briana, Katie, Mark

Brief History “The Victorian Age was characterized by rapid change and developments in nearly every sphere - from advances in medical, scientific and technological knowledge to changes in population growth and location. Over time, this rapid transformation deeply affected the country's mood: an age that began with a confidence and optimism leading to economic boom and prosperity eventually gave way to uncertainty and doubt regarding Britain's place in the world.” -From Victorian England: An Introduction -

Describes the Era in Which Queen Elizabeth Lived. 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901

Jobs SOCIAL CLASS  Working class - men and women who performed physical labor, paid daily or weekly wages  Middle class - men performed mental or "clean" work, paid monthly or annually  Upper class - did not work, income came from inherited land and investments

Typical Income  Typical Incomes (annual)  Aristocrats £30,000 Merchants, bankers £10,000 Middle-class (doctors, lawyers, clerks) £ Lower middle-class (head teachers, journalists, shopkeepers, etc.) £ Skilled workers (carpenters, typesetters, etc.) £ Sailors and domestic staff £40-75 Laborers, soldiers £25

Technology  1826— First photograph taken by Joseph Nicophore Niepce  First telegraph cable laid across the English Channel  1857— Founding of National Portrait Gallery. First telegraph cable laid across the Atlantic  1856— Henry Bessemer invents blast furnace, permitting mass production of steel

Technology  1863— First underground railway, Metropolitan Railway in London between Paddington & Farringdon St. (opens Jan. 10).  1866— First Atlantic telegraph cable successfully laid by the SS Great Eastern  Metropolitan District Railway between Mansion House and South Kensington opens in London  Telephones, invented by Scottish scientist Alexander Graham Bell, become available. American Thomas Edison invents the phonograph, recording "Mary had a little lamb."

Technology  1878— First electric street lighting in London  1881— Electric light first used domestically. First electric power station in England opened at Goldalming  1885—Karl Benz invents the first automobile  1890-First electric underground public railway line opens December 18: City & South London Railway between King

Proof of Prosperity  million in 1831 to million in 1901  As living standards increased so did woman care and the chance the child would live

Culture  romanticism  mysticism  regard to religion, social values, and the arts.  associated with the values of social and sexual restrain

Works Cited  etimeline.html etimeline.html  nter/victorian%20england/ nter/victorian%20england/  ianEngland.htm ianEngland.htm  rians/victorian_technology_01.shtml rians/victorian_technology_01.shtml

Government Structure  2 Parties  Whigs: Liberals  Tories: Conservatives  Led by Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Derby, Lord Palmerston, William Ewart Gladstone, Benjamin Disraeli, and Lord Salisbury.

Important Events  1848: Death of around 2,000 people a week in a cholera epidemic.  1854: Crimean War: The United Kingdom declares war on Russia.  1857: Indian Mutiny  : Elementary Education Act 1870, basic State Education becomes free for every child under the age of 10

Important Events Cnt..  1899:The Second Boer War  1901: Edward inherits thrown when his mother dies…Edwardian Era begins