Understanding Cancer and Related Topics National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What are some different kinds of cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Bloodstream Lung Breast (women) Colon Bladder Prostate (men) Lymph nodes Fat Bone Muscle NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

How are Normal and Cancer Cell Division Different? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Normal cell division Cancer cell division NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

How are normal and cancer growth different? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Student version only NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Benign Malignant Time NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Why are malignant tumors dangerous? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What is cancer screening? Understanding Cancer and Related Topics National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Why is cancer screening important? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What are some types of cancer screening? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

How is cancer diagnosed? Understanding Cancer and Related Topics National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics What is a biopsy? How is the biopsy analyzed? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics What does a pathologist look for examining biopsy tissue? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What does a pathologist look for when he examines biopsy tissue with a microscope? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Carcinoma in situ (severe dysplasia) Mild dysplasia Cancer (invasive) Hyperplasia Normal NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What is the relationship between tumor grade and patient prognosis? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Low grade I or II Patient Survival Rate High grade III or IV Years NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics What does Stage III cancer mean? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Five-Year Survival Rates for Patients with Melanoma (by stage) Stage III Cancer 100% 50% I II III Stage at Time of Initial Diagnosis NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics What Causes Cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics How could you explain the differences in the cancer incidence in different countries? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Is the incidence of these cancers due to genes, behavior, or environmental risk? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Colon Cancer Stomach Cancer 100 50 5 100 70 7 Japan Japanese families in U.S. U.S. Japan Japanese families in U.S. U.S. NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What increases peoples’ risk of cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Sunshine X-ray NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics How do you know if you have genes that make getting cancer more likely? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Genetic Testing NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What happens to genes to cause cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics How do mutations in oncogenes lead to cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Growth factor Receptor Signaling enzymes Transcription factors Cell nucleus DNA Cell proliferation NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Tumor Suppressor Gene Proteins How do mutations in tumor suppressor genes lead to cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Tumor Suppressor Gene Proteins Signaling enzymes Transcription factors DNA Cell proliferation NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

How do mutations in the p53 gene lead to cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

How do mutations in DNA Repair Genes cause cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What other kinds of mutations can lead to cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Genes Implicated in Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Why does cancer risk increase with age? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer Colon Breast Risk Age NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

What can people do to prevent cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Does industrial pollution cause cancer? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Is There a Cancer "Epidemic"? Understanding Cancer and Related Topics National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer

Understanding Cancer and Related Topics each of these questions? National Cancer Institute Understanding Cancer and Related Topics Understanding Cancer How would you answer each of these questions? NCI Web site: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understandingcancer