EA 1.2: ArgumentATIVE SYNTHESIS ESSAY on culture EA 1.2: ArgumentATIVE SYNTHESIS ESSAY on culture To synthesize means to weave together different materials (ideas from different sources) to create a new thing. You will weave together evidence from different texts to support a claim about the extent to which culture impacts worldview.

EA 1.2: ArgumentATIVE SYNTHESIS ESSAY on culture EA 1.2: ArgumentATIVE SYNTHESIS ESSAY on culture This essay not only requires synthesis, but argumentation. A strong argument uses evidence and reasoning to support a claim, but also addresses one or several counterclaims and provides evidence and reasoning to refute counterclaims.

Argument: AN INTELLECTUAL PROCESS An argument is a connected series of statements intended to establish THE VALIDITY OF a proposition (CLAIM).

The Structure of an Argument Although arguments are varied in their structure, content, and context, five key elements are almost always found in an effective argument.

1) The Hook The hook grabs the reader’s attention. It often establishes a connection between reader and writer and provides background information. It can be, but is not limited to, an anecdote, an image, a definition, or a quotation.

2) The Claim The claim comes in the opening section of your paper. It states your belief and what you wish to argue. It can be straightforward and clear, for example, “I believe that …”.

3) Support: Reasons and Evidence Your support is the reasoning behind your argument. You provide supporting evidence for your claim (data, quotes, anecdotes, and so on) and use support to create logical appeals. Remember that it is always necessary to logically explain why you selected YOUR evidence.

4) Counterclaims (concessions and refutations) A counterclaim recognizes the arguments made by the other side. A concession builds your credibility by objectively discussing the other side and granting that the other side has some validity. Following the concession, a refutation argues at length against the opposing viewpoint by proving your side has MORE validity.

CONCESSION: accepting (CONcEding) that something is true. (“I CAN see your point”) REFUTATION: PROOF THAT AN OPINION IS WRONG OR FALSE.

5) Concluding Statement (CALL TO ACTION) A concluding statement draws your argument to a close, restates your claim, and makes a final appeal. Avoid repeating information, but sum up your argument with a few final facts and appeals.