C++ The reason why it is still in use

Table of Contents Disadvantages Disadvantages Advantages Advantages Compare with object-oriented programming language Compare with object-oriented programming language Program example Program example Conclusion Conclusion

Disadvantages Complex structure, time consuming Complex structure, time consuming Difficult implementation of web architectures Difficult implementation of web architectures Softening of object-oriented ideas Softening of object-oriented ideas Multiple inheritance, global variables, precompiling Multiple inheritance, global variables, precompiling Many possibilities for “dirty programming” Many possibilities for “dirty programming” Jumps, addressing, overloading of operands, no automatic initializing of variables Jumps, addressing, overloading of operands, no automatic initializing of variables Garbage Collection is not handled automatically Garbage Collection is not handled automatically Error return code no enforced Error Error return code no enforced Error

Advantages Hybrid of procedure and object-oriented ideas Hybrid of procedure and object-oriented ideas Short syntax (brevity), portable Short syntax (brevity), portable Modular programming, speed Modular programming, speed ANSI/ISO standard ANSI/ISO standard Easy implementing of existing bytecode Easy implementing of existing bytecode

Compare with other languages Ideas of object-orientation Ideas of object-orientation Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Classes, Dynamic Binding Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Classes, Dynamic Binding Smalltalk complete Smalltalk complete C++, multiple inheritance, friends (no complete encapsulation) C++, multiple inheritance, friends (no complete encapsulation) Java, declaration of static Java, declaration of static C#, same as Java C#, same as Java

Compare with other languages Standard class libraries Standard class libraries Smalltalk Smalltalk C++, only few classes are defined in the standard library C++, only few classes are defined in the standard library Java, large variety Java, large variety JDK JDK C#, Standard library (supports: C#, C, C++, Jscript, Visual Basic) C#, Standard library (supports: C#, C, C++, Jscript, Visual Basic).NET Framework Class Library (FCL).NET Framework Class Library (FCL)

4 x ”Hello World” Smalltalk Smalltalk Transcript show: 'Hello, World!'; cr C++ C++ #include #include int main() { std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl; std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl; return 0; }

4 x ”Hello World” C# C# using System; class Hello { public static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("Hello World"); } }

4 x ”Hello World” Java Java public class Hello { public static void main(String [] args) { System.out.println("Hello World"); } }

Conclusion Each programming languages has its advantage Each programming languages has its advantage Useful for critical, high performance applications Useful for critical, high performance applications