EARLY SCIENTISTS Early scientists did not know about the three states of matter so they believed that all elements were made from earth, air, fire and.

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Presentation transcript:

EARLY SCIENTISTS Early scientists did not know about the three states of matter so they believed that all elements were made from earth, air, fire and water.

TODAY SCIENTISTS KNOW! There are four states of matter. Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

GAS A gas has no definite shape . Particles of a gas move quickly, so they can break away from one another. The amount of empty space between particles can change, so A GAS CAN VARY IN VOLUME!

EXPERIMENT Blow up a balloon but not too full. Tie it off. Mark on the balloon where you will measure the circumference with permanent marker. Measure the circumference. Leave the balloon outside in the cold for 10 minutes. Measure it again. What happened? Why?

HOW DOES A HOT AIR BALLOON OPERATE? How do the floats in parades compare?

Gas behavior Volume can change due to temperature and pressure.

Helium The amount of helium used to fill a parade balloon depends on the outside temperature.

VOLUME Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. The volume of gas depends on its container. If you tried to shape a balloon with gas, it would work But if to tried to ahpe a balloon filled with water, it would explode!

PRESSURE Pressure is the amount of force exerted on a given area of surface. Pressure of a gas is the number of times particles of a gas hit the inside of their container.

BASKETBALL A basketball has MORE particles of gas, closer together hat collide at a faster rate. That is why it feels firmer.

BEACHBALL A beachball has FEWER particles of gas, further apart, and the particles collide at a slower rate. It feels softer. BUT it has the same volume of air as the basketball.

SCIENCE BOOK Gas Demo Book Page 70