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2 Welcome to the World of Science with Air Products

3 Who are we and what do we do ? We are Air Products We make gases that…  Freeze food  Keep food fresh  Keep patients alive  Treat waste water  Help make glass  Inflate F1 tyres  Make micro-chips  Fuel the space shuttle

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5 What are we going to do today? Talk about … Temperature Matter – what is it? Forms of matter Properties of matter Carry out … Experiments!

6 What is Temperature? Temperature is how hot or cold something is You can find out the temperature of an object by whether it feels warm or cold 0ºC … 5ºC … 37ºC … 15ºC … Your body! -196ºC … -18ºC … -68ºC …

7 What is matter? Matter is anything that can be weighed and occupies space Matter exists in three different phases: Solid Liquid Gas or Vapour

8 More about … solids Solids have a definite shape that is not easy to change WHAT ELSE CAN YOU THINK OF?

9 More about … liquids The shape of a liquid can change to suit its container WHAT ELSE CAN YOU THINK OF?

10 More about … gas or vapour The shape can change to fill the space it is put into WHAT ELSE CAN YOU THINK OF?

11 Changes of State The State of Matter can be changed by altering its surroundings e.g. the temperature or pressure around it WATER WATER STEAM STEAM ICE ICE

12 Properties of matter Matter in the same state can behave differently at varying temperatures

13 Brittleness Some solids, such as glass, are brittle at normal room temperature but become a liquid at high temperatures Rubber is stretchy at room temperature but becomes brittle when it is very cold and shatters

14 Expansion and Contraction When solid matter is heated it becomes bigger (expands) and when it is cooled it becomes smaller (contracts) When liquid matter is heated or cooled it may expands or contracts? When gas matter is heated it expands and when it is cooled it contracts

15 Density Hot air inside an air balloon is lighter (less dense) than the colder air around it. This is what makes the balloon rise.

16 QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

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18 APPENDIX I Examples of experiments Examples of products Air Products’ supplies gases to

19 Demonstrations Solids becoming hard and brittle  Flowers  Banana Hammer  General Food  Rubber/plastic bands Liquids Freezing  Freezing water Solids Shrink  Expansion ring and ball Solids Shrink  Balloon Shrinking  Liquid Air Maker

20 Demonstrations Examples of products that Air Products supplies gases to:  Helium for filling balloons  Oxygen for medical use  Carbon Dioxide for fizzy drinks  Hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cell cars  Gases to turn sunlight into energy  Hydrogen to fuel NASA space shuttle  Liquid nitrogen for freezing beef burgers

21 tell me more