Chapter 17 Section 2: The Northern Renaissance

Setting the Stage Classic ideas impressed academics and students who visited Italy. Classic ideas impressed academics and students who visited Italy. Merchants spread ideas from Italy to other European urban centers. Merchants spread ideas from Italy to other European urban centers. 1400’s Renaissance spread to Northern Europe 1400’s Renaissance spread to Northern Europe –England –France –Germany

The Northern Renaissance Begins Italy governed by city-states Italy governed by city-states Northern Europe dominated by monarchs Northern Europe dominated by monarchs Renaissance Ideas Spreads Renaissance Ideas Spreads –Italy  Artistic Ideas centered on religious glorification –Northern Europe  Artistic Ideas inspire humanist thinking which would lead to social reform

Artistic Ideas Spread France launches war on Italy France launches war on Italy Artistic movement goes North to Germany Artistic movement goes North to Germany France Italy Germany

German Painters Hans Hoblein – Most famous for his portraits which were photographic in detail. Hans Hoblein – Most famous for his portraits which were photographic in detail.

Flemish Painters Pieter Bruegel Pieter Bruegel –Paintings were  Realistic  Detailed  Of the common people –Used rich colors, vivid details of everyday life

Flemish Artist Rembrandt Rembrandt –Was greatest of the Northern Renaissance artists –Known for his use of light and shadow

Northern Writers Try to Reform Society Renaissance writers produced work in the vernacular or in one’s own language. Renaissance writers produced work in the vernacular or in one’s own language. Northern writers adopted the use of humanism in their writings. Northern writers adopted the use of humanism in their writings. Christian Humanists writers gave their writings a more religious slant. Christian Humanists writers gave their writings a more religious slant.

Christian Humanists Sir Thomas More Sir Thomas More –Writer who wrote about the flaws of society –Most famous work  Utopia – Greek term meaning “No Place” in English came to mean “Ideal Place”  Utopia was about a place that was free from war, crime and greed.

William Shakespeare English writer English writer Poet and playwright Poet and playwright *Greatest Plays *Greatest Plays –Romeo and Juliet –Julius Caesar –King Lear –Macbeth –Hamlet –Midsummer Night’s Dream

*The Elizabethan Age *Renaissance of England *Renaissance of England Named after the youngest daughter of Henry VIII Named after the youngest daughter of Henry VIII Queen Elizabeth I Queen Elizabeth I –Good Queen Bess –Patron of the arts in England  *Funded the literature works of William Shakespeare

Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideas *Johann Gutenberg *Johann Gutenberg –Reinvented moveable type in 1440 –Craftsman from Germany

Gutenberg Invents the Printing Press *Gutenberg invented the printing press *Gutenberg invented the printing press –Invention used to mass produce written work –First printed work = BIBLE –Only 46 copies remain of Gutenberg Bible

*Printing Spreads Learning Enabled mass production of printed word – Books (became less expensive) Enabled mass production of printed word – Books (became less expensive) New ideas were easily spread (*secular ideas spread too) New ideas were easily spread (*secular ideas spread too) Vernacular became more common Vernacular became more common –People could not afford “Classical” education. –Questioning the Bible since they could read it on own! *Development of printing led to increased literacy – the ability to read. *Development of printing led to increased literacy – the ability to read. *Shakespeare’s poems circulated *Shakespeare’s poems circulated

Quick Review 1. What country did Elizabeth I rule as queen and support the development of Renaissance ideals in her nation? 2. What was the result of the Elizabethan Age? 3. Who invented the printing press? 4. What were the effects of the printing press?