Maximizing the Potential for E-books Jennifer Arvin, Guikang Jin, Jesse Stewart, William Wilson E-books: Definitions and Access Issues 1. Change in reading habits in the digital era Non-linear scanning, isolating keywords, reading one-time documents 2. Features cited by those who prefer using e-books Convenience: available 24/7; not bound by library hours, portable Searchability; cross-reference links from table of contents, index, glossaries Customization: bookmark, annotate, highlight, insert personalized links Currency: update existing, faster access to new titles Flexibility: print only what is needed Environmental concerns: save space, trees 3. Factors affecting reluctance to accept Lack exposure to e-books; unaware of collection Difficulty reading from computer screen; eyestrain 4. Cognitive issues Brain/eye function must work harder on-screen Possible reductions in reading speed, comprehension Not a “one size fits all” model Technological advances may overcome some issues Reading is a learned behavior User AcceptanceE-Book Applications: shift from ownership to accessibility 1. E-textbook for college students, for high school students, for distance education students Publishers will eventually allow the distribution, purchase, and use of e-book content by chapter, page, or paragraph. This deconstruction of the book will require new thinking, laws, and legislation for licensing and fair use, as well as new financial models for authors, publishers, and librarians. These new distribution models will be useful to meet the increasing demand by individuals for remote access to resources. 2.E-books-on-demand Research indicates that library collections are not used evenly, they follow the 80– 20 rule (Pareto principle). Instead of paying a blanket fee or flat fee per title, library can negotiate a term with publishers, content aggregators, so that library only pay the titles which patrons use. 3.E-books for inter-library loan (ILL) In near future, the lending library can temporary authorize titles to requesting library’s patrons for a period time. This model would fundamentally change the way of ILL and document delivery service. I.0 Practicality – What concerns exist about implementing e-book agenda in library? 1.01 What are the advantages and disadvantages for the library? 1.02 What are the advantages and disadvantages for the patrons? 1.03 What e-book readers do other libraries use? 1.03 Will patrons accept and use it? 1.04 Will it also be used by staff members? 1.05 What are the DRM restrictions on downloads and lending e-books? 1.06 What is the library marketing strategy for patrons? 1.07 What is the library training strategy for staff members? 1.08 What is the library training strategy for patrons? 2.0 Standards – What library e-book procedures need to be developed? 2.01 What library procedures should be followed by staff? 2.02 What library procedures should be followed by patrons? 2.03 What library procedures should be followed for patron access to the e- book collection? 2.04 What procedures should be followed for depreciation of e-book equipment? 3.0 Economy – What e-book readers are superior in terms of features and price? 3.01 Which e-book reader is best suited for our patrons? 3.02 Which e-book format is best suited for our patrons? 3.03 What is the expected longevity of an e-book reader? 3.04 Which e-book manufacturer offers the best price? 3.05 Which e-book reader offers the best warranty? 3.07 Which e-book reader offers the best technical support? 3.08 How will e-book reader, e-books and supplies be incorporated into library budget? I. E-book Definitions: still evolving; currently no consensus A. JISC (UK): online version of a printed book; accessed through Internet B. NISO: digital documents, analogous to print books, with searchable text; access may depend on e-reader hardware or software C. Armstrong (2002): any electronic text, exclusive of journal publications, available electronically or optically, for any device that includes a screen D. Vassiliou & Rowley (2008): "digital object[s] with textual and/or other content, which arises as a result of integrating the familiar concept of a book with features that can be provided in an electronic environment * * * * [including] search and cross reference functions, hypertext links, bookmarks, annotations, highlights, multimedia objects and interactive tools." II. Access: A. Means (hardware): Internet / PDA’s/e-readers / cell phones / iPods/iPad --prices falling fast on e-readers ($139 Kindle) B. Means (software & text formatting): 1. Internet: plain text; html; PDF; downloadable e-readers for Internet 2. e-reader devices: many non-transferrable readers & text formats 3. cell phones: downloadable apps make iPhones/'droids versatile 4. most transferrable text formats: plain text; pdf; ePub; html C. Free E-books: Google Books; Gutenberg Project; iBiblio; U. of Adelaide; Digital Book Index; Hathi Trust; Baen Books D. Commercial e-books (direct to consumer): Google Editions (tba); Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Sony E. Library Access (3rd party host/3rd party subscription/direct purchase) 1. integrated into catalog 2. separate e-resources page or "new acquisitions" page 3. NetLibrary; ebrary; Safari; Books 24/7; ProQuest & other journal services 4. Highest demand areas: business, medicine, computer science F. Bookstores: hard times get harder ("Agency" model: publisher = seller) III. Digital Rights Management: A. E-books: ease of copying motivates DRM technologies; DRM enforces contractual restrictions; but erodes traditional consumer copyright privileges B. DRM restrictions vary by publisher or provider C. Encryption; marking; selective incompatibility D. Future: trend may be toward less restriction Library Economy Questionnaire: e-book Implementation in Libraries