Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand

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Presentation transcript:

Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand Dorsal “Thalamus” Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand

The Diencephalon

The Diencephalon Interthalamic adhesion Thalamus Epithalamus (Pineal & Habenula) Subthalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary

The “Dorsal” Thalamus Sensory integration nucleus – gateway to the cerebral cortex Afferents from both rostral and caudal central nervous system structures Efferents primarily to cerebral cortex via four principal “radiations” Associated with motor, sensory, limbic and vegetative functions

External medullary lamina Internal medullary lamina 3rd Ventricle Anterior n. * * Interthalamic adhesion Internal medullary lamina Reticular n. Internal capsule Lateral n. Medial n.

General Organization medial nuclei anterior nuclei internal medullary lateral nuclei internal medullary lamina

dorsal tier pulvinar geniculate bodies ventral tier

Frontal Section intralaminar nuclei reticular nuclei 3rd Ventricle external medullary lamina external medullary lamina internal medullary lamina

Thalamic Nuclei Anterior Lateral Dorsal Tier Ventral Tier lateral posterior pulvinar Ventral Tier ventral anterior ventral lateral ventral posterior (VLP & VPM) posterior nucleus

Thalamic Nuclei Medial Pulvinar Geniculate bodies Reticular medial/medial dorsal midline nuclei Pulvinar Geniculate bodies Reticular Intralaminar centromedian parafasciular

Specific Sensory Nuclei afferent nucleus efferent function Dorsal Column & Anterolateral System VPL Postcentral Gyrus Somesthesis Trigeminal System VPM Inferior Colliculus MGB Temporal lobe Hearing Retina LGB Occipital lobe Vision

Specific Cortical Relay Nuclei afferent nucleus efferent function Cerebellum VL Precentral Gyrus & Frontal cortex Movement & Motor Planning Globus Pallidus VA Premotor Cortex Motor Planning

Specific Association Nuclei afferent nucleus efferent function Hypothalamus Anterior Cingulate Limbic Amygdala MD Prefrontal Cortex Hypothalamus & Cingulate LD Emotions Parietal lobe & Sup.Colliculus LP Parietal Cortex Sensory integration Anterolateral System Posterior Insula, Cingulate and Association Cortices Pain Sup. Colliculus Pulvinar Temporal, Parietal and Occipital Lobes Vision

Motor / Premotor Basal Ganglia & Reticular Formation Non-Specific Nuclei afferent nucleus efferent function Reticular Formation Midline Entire Cortex Arousal/Limbic Motor / Premotor Basal Ganglia & Reticular Formation Intra-laminar Striatum & Cortex Motor Integration Cortex & Brainstem Reticular Thalamus Thalamic Modulation

Caudate Nucleus Internal Capsule Lentiform Nuclei Thalamus

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