Teen Rights & the Law Ms. Stewart Basics of US Court System Prepared by Andy Austin United States Magistrate Judge.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 16 The Federal Courts. Article III of the Constitution Section 1. The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme.
Advertisements

National Judiciary Federal Court System. NPR and PBS supreme-court-to-tackle-divisive-issues
Prior Knowledge What do you know about our Judicial System?
Article III The Judiciary. Section I “The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the.
The Supreme Court and Constitutional Interpretation Shan Sivalingam UW Law School – Street Law May 2007.
Chapter 7 The Judicial Branch
The Judicial Branch Article III of the Constitution.
Friday March 6, 2015 Agenda Homework O Pass out and Go Over Yesterday’s Notes (6 th and 7 th Period) O Review O Supreme Court Notes O Engrade.
Article III: The Judicial Branch. Article III Summary.
April 8  Movie  Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances review  Notes/discussion over the Judicial Branch  Chapter 18 Vocab. and crossword puzzle.
Chapter 18: The Federal Court System
The Judicial Branch Hey we are at the half way point!!!!!
The Federal Court System (& Supreme Court) Article III (U.S. Constitution) = Founders based it on European tradition of law & courts already established.
SECTION THREE THE JUDICIAL BRANCH AND ARTICLES 4,5, AND 6
 Judicial: relating to laws and courts  Trial: a legal examination in which the disputing groups meet in court and present their positions to an impartial.
The Constitution The first three Articles of the Constitution lay out the three co-equal branches of the United States government. The first three Articles.
Federal Courts. The American Court Structure  Dual court system: 1. set of state and local courts 2. Federal courts Judiciary Act of 1789 established.
Criminal Justice Cafe If you were an ice cream, what flavor would you be and why? Give 2 examples in your life of when you displayed the characteristics.
Article III of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of government with the creation of the Supreme Court. Article III also gives Congress the.
 We make sure the laws are obeyed by all citizens.  The name of the people are the president and the vise president.
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH THE ROLE OF THE JUDICIAL BRANCH To interpret and define law This involves hearing individual cases and deciding how the law should.
Agenda 4/2 1. notes: judicial branch 2. SC justice research activity AP review THIS SATURDAY 12:30-3:30.
Unit 3: The Judicial Branch State, District and the Supreme Court.
Ch. 18 – The Judicial Branch “The Final Say” The Role of the Judicial Branch To interpret and define law To interpret and define law This involves hearing.
Current Supreme Court 3 Major Steps in the Federal System District Court Court of Appeals Supreme Court CourtsJudges.
Judicial Branch Chapter 8 Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4.
J UDICIAL B RANCH R EVIEW. Under the Articles of Confederation, what courts had all the authority?
THE SUPREME COURT. Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court are (from left) Clarence Thomas, Sonia Sotomayor, Antonin Scalia, Stephen Breyer, Chief Justice.
Unit IV The Judicial Branch U.S Constitution Article III Section 1. The Judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and.
The Constitution The first three Articles of the Constitution lay out the three co-equal branches of the United States government. –Article I – the Congress.
Government Judicial Branch. Section 1 Common Law Tradition Common Law: judge made law that originated in England. Decisions were based on customs and.
Judicial Branch Chapter 8 Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4.
The Judicial Branch. The Role of the Judicial Branch To interpret and define law To interpret and define law This involves hearing individual cases and.
Lower Courts, Supreme Court.  The Constitution establishes a Supreme Court – the top of the American judicial system.  Article III of the Constitution.
The United States Supreme Court. Constitutional Basis Supreme Court is established in Article III of the Constitution There is one Supreme Court. There.
The Judicial Branch. Found in Article III (3) of the Constitution Found in Article III (3) of the Constitution Is in charge of: Is in charge of: The Courts.
AIM: How is the Judicial Branch organized under the Constitution? Do-Now: Based on current knowledge what do you know about the Judicial Branch?
Bell Ringer Senior Project Breakdown! What is one thing you found beneficial about the research packets? What would be one suggestion you could.
Ch. 18 The Federal Court System Section : The Supreme Court.
1. 2 Legislative Judicial Executive Creates Law Enforces Law Branches of Government Interprets Law Yell / The Law and Special Education, Second Edition.
By: Ja’kayla Hamilton ExecutiveLegislativeJudicial 3 Branches.
Section 3. The Court Decisions are final Intended to be as powerful as the other two branches Chief Justice & 8 associate justices – Appointed for life.
1 The Federal Court System Legal System Basics Legal System Basics Legal System Basics.
The Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the only court specifically created by the Constitution. The Supreme Court is the court of last resort in all.
Criminal Law vs. Civil Law
Judicial Branch Chapter 7 Page 108.
Article III The Judicial Branch.
Supreme Court Justices (2013)
A Level Government & Politics
The Judicial Branch.
The Supreme Court.
The Judicial Branch Article III.
The United States Supreme Court
Teen Rights & the Law Ms. Stewart
Unit 2 – Branches of Government & Federal Power
The Constitution of the United States of America
The Judicial Branch Chapter 6
The Supreme Court and Constitutional Interpretation
The Judicial Branch Ch. 18.
Federal Court System According to Article III, there will be judicial power in Supreme Court Other inferior courts established by Congress Judges.
Article III of the Constitution
Unit 5 The Judicial Branch
Unit 5: The Judicial Branch
Basics of the Federal Government
Unit V Judicial Branch.
The Judicial Branch.
The Supreme Court Ch
The Federal Court System
Judicial Branch Chapter 8 Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Presentation transcript:

Teen Rights & the Law Ms. Stewart Basics of US Court System Prepared by Andy Austin United States Magistrate Judge

Three Branches of Government

US Supreme Court - Judicial Branch US Capitol - Legislative Branch White House - Executive Branch

Three Branches of Government

United States President Barack Obama Executive Branch United States Congressman Lloyd Doggett Legislative Branch United States Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts Judicial Branch

State vs. Federal Government

Branches of government - Texas

Governor Rick Perry Executive Branch Texas Senator Kirk Watson Legislative Branch Texas Supreme Court Former Chief Justice Wallace Jefferson Judicial Branch

Branches of government Judicial Branch

Branches of government Executive Branch

Executive branch – federal system Criminal cases

Executive branch – federal system Criminal cases Eric Holder Attorney General of United States

Executive branch – state system Criminal cases

Executive branch – state system Criminal cases Greg Abbott Attorney General of Texas Rosemary Lehmberg Travis County District Attorney

State vs. Federal Court - Austin courts for field trip

State Court Courts of general jurisdiction Can file any civil or criminal charge in state court unless statute prohibits that Certain cases can only be filed in state court: family law cases (divorce, custody); probate cases (wills) In Texas, state judges are elected Organized by county – court held in county seat

Federal Court Courts of limited jurisdiction You can only bring a case in federal court if there is a statute/law giving you the right to file charges or suit in federal court Judges are appointed Divided into geographic districts - 94 districts in total

What or who creates the federal courts?

Article III, Section 1 US Constitution “The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.”

Article III, Section 1 US Constitution Federal judges are: – Appointed for life (or until they retire) – Cannot be removed except for bad behavior (through impeachment proceedings) – Cannot have their compensation (pay) diminished (lowered) during their time in office Why have these rules?

The Federal Courts U.S. Supreme Court (9 judges) 12 U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal (179 judges) U.S. Magistrate Courts (523 judges) U.S. District Courts (94) (667 judges) U.S. Bankruptcy Courts (352 judges)

Texas State Courts Texas Supreme Court (9 judges) 14 Regional Courts of Appeal (80 judges) County Courts (504 judges) District Courts (454 judges) Probate Courts (18 judges) Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (9 judges)

Trial court Question: How many judges?

Court of Appeals Question: How many judges/justices?

Western District of Texas trial court divisions Question: Which division of the Western District of Texas serves Austin?

Question: Which US Court of Appeals serves Texas?

United States Supreme Court Question: How many judges/justices?

United States Supreme Court Chief Judge John Roberts Antonin Scalia Anthony Kennedy Clarence Thomas Ruth Bader Ginsburg Stephen Breyer Samuel Alito Sonia Sotomayor Elena Kagan

Your Supreme Court Justice Name Where/when born Current age Race/ethnicity, sex When appointed and by which president (who is affiliated with which political party) Years on US Supreme Court so far Job history before became justice (generally) University/college and law school attended Interesting other facts (at least five)

US Supreme Court’s (very small) docket 82 cases decided 10,000 cases filed (2010 term)

Separation of Powers What does each branch of government do in relation to our laws?

(1) The legislative branch WRITES the law.

Separation of Powers What does each branch of government do in relation to our laws? (1) The legislative branch WRITES the law. (2) The executive branch ENFORCES the law.

Separation of Powers What does each branch of government do in relation to our laws? (1) The legislative branch WRITES the law. (2) The executive branch ENFORCES the law. (3)The judicial branch INTERPRETS the law.

Role of Supreme Court Interpret laws adopted by Congress – If a law is not clear, it is left to the Courts to determine the proper way to apply the law to a particular fact scenario Interpret the Constitution – The Supreme Court is the final decision maker with regard to the meaning of the Constitution

Constitutional interpretation How does a court decide what the Constitution means? What do you do when you need to figure out what is meant by a particular piece of writing? – Ask the person who wrote it what they meant – Look up the meaning of the words in a dictionary – Try to figure out why the author was writing what was written – Look at other similar writings to help you interpret the piece you’re reviewing

Constitutional interpretation All of these are models for ways in which judges have interpreted our Constitution – Original meaning What did the drafters think the language meant? – Perfectionist (the “Living Constitution”) What is the best way to interpret the language to get the best result for society? – Pragmatic or minimal interpretation What is the most limited way to read the language so that we don’t change a lot of prior decisions?