Section Goals To know the general location of, size of, and distance between regions in the early Global Age.

VocabVocab Christopher Columbus Colony Hernando Cortes Conquistador Francisco Pizarro Atahualpa Mestizo Encomienda

Setting the Stage Who sponsored Christopher Columbus’ voyages? Where did he sail? What were the three main causes of European exploration?

Atlantic Explorations Looking for “El Dorado”

Columbus’ Voyages

Insert Horrible Histories- Columbus clip

1. San Salvador— 2. colony—

Other Explorers Take to the Seas

What was the significance of Magellan’s voyage?

Spanish Conquests in Mexico 3. Hernando Cortes— A.conquistadors— Spanish followers of Cortes.

The First Spanish Conquests: The Aztecs 4. Cortes conquers the Aztec—

The Death of Montezuma II

Mexico Surrenders to Cortez

5. Francisco Pizarro— The First Spanish Conquests: The Incas 6. Atahualpa— vs.

Spain was exploring and settling places in present day U.S.

African Slavery and Native Resistance 7. Spanish settlers lived among natives. 8. encomienda—

Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Explorers Conquistadores Missionaries Permanent Settlers Official European Colony!

VocabVocab New France Jamestown Pilgrims Puritans New Netherland French and Indian War Metacom

Setting the Stage Who ignored the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Explorers Establish New France 1. New France— A. population— B. motive—

You Tell Me… Why were France’s North American areas so lightly populated?

The English Arrive 2. Jamestown—

The English Arrive 3. Pilgrims— 4. Puritans—

New Netherland 5.New Netherland— A. Dutch West India Company

The Struggle for N. America 6.French and Indian War—

Settlers and Natives Battle 7.King Philip’s War—

VocabVocab Atlantic slave trade Triangular trade Middle Passage

Setting the Stage Originally who did Europeans want for cheap labor?

The Causes of African Slavery 1. Slavery in Africa— A. Spain and Portugal were the early leaders of the African slave trade.

The Atlantic Slave Trade 2. Atlantic Slave Trade— A. England dominates slave trade because of growing presence in N. America.

A Forced Journey 3. Triangular trade—

4. Middle Passage—

“Coffin” Position Below Deck

What do these words mean? Imperialism- a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Mercantilism- belief that a country’s power depended mainly on its wealth (trading).

Essential Question What role did mercantilism and imperialism play in European exploration and colonization in the 16 th century, including the Columbian Exchange?

VocabVocab Columbian Exchange Capitalism Joint-stock company Mercantilism Favorable balance of trade

Setting the Stage How did colonization of the Americas dramatically change the world?

The Columbian Exchange 1. The Columbian Exchange—

The “Columbian Exchange”  Squash  Avocado  Peppers  Sweet Potatoes  Turkey  Pumpkin  Tobacco  Quinine  Cocoa  Pineapple  Cassava  POTATO  Peanut  TOMATO  Vanilla  MAIZE  Syphilis  Olive  COFFEE BEAN  Banana  Rice  Onion  Turnip  Honeybee  Barley  Grape  Peach  SUGAR CANE  Oats  Citrus Fruits  Pear  Wheat  HORSE  Cattle  Sheep  Pigs  Smallpox  Flu  Typhus  Measles  Malaria  Diptheria  Whooping Cough  Trinkets  Liquor  GUNS

“There was great havoc. Very many died of it. They could not walk… They could not move; they could not stir; they could not change position, nor lie on one side; nor face down, nor on their backs. And if they stirred, much did they cry out. Great was its destruction.” —Bernardino de Sahagun, Spanish missionary

Global Trade 2. Capitalism— 3. Joint-stock company—

Global Trade 4. favorable balance of trade—

“Although a Kingdom may be enriched by gifts received, or by purchases taken from some other Nations… these things are uncertain and of small consideration when they happen. The ordinary means therefore to increase our wealth and treasure is by Foreign Trade, wherein we must ever observe this rule; to sell more to strangers yearly than we consume of theirs in value.” —Thomas Mun

Impact of European Expansion 1.Native populations ravaged by disease. 2.Influx of gold, and especially silver, into Europe created an inflationary economic climate. [“Price Revolution”] 3.New products introduced across the continents [“Columbian Exchange”]. 4.Deepened colonial rivalries.