French Revolution: A New France & Radical Days

Declaration of the Rights of Man ► Modeled after the Declaration of Independence ► All men born free and equal in rights ► Natural rights: liberty, property, security & resistance to oppression ► How do these reflect Enlightenment ideas?

Marie Antoinette ► Daughter of Maria Theresa ► Married to Louis XVI ► Attacked for being frivolous & extravagant ► Women March on Versailles- anger directed at queen and king, demanded bread & food ► “Let them eat cake”- she is supposed to have said in response to cries for bread

Constitution of 1791 ► Reflected Enlightenment goals:  Set up a limited monarchy  Ended church interference in government  Ensured equality before the law for all male citizens ► Meanwhile, King & Queen try to escape from Paris but are caught

Monarchy Abolished ► Radicals took control & established a republic- government not ruled by a monarch but by elected representatives ► Death of king & queen  King convicted of being a traitor to France & sentenced to death. Beheaded.  Marie Antoinette is beheaded later that year.  Guillotine- device used for carrying out executions by decapitation. out executions by decapitation.

Robespierre and the Reign of Terror ► Leader of the Committee of Public Safety- formed to deal with threats to France; battled to save the revolution ► Hated the old regime & believed that France could achieve a republic of virtue only though the use of terror (severe justice) ► Reign of Terror- Lasted from ,000 were killed, most executed by guillotine.  Robespierre was arrested & executed, ending the Reign of Terror

Women in the Revolution ► Declaration of the Rights of Woman- demanded equal rights for women; women should have the same rights as men  Written by Olympe de Gouges ► Women’s revolutionary clubs were banned & women were imprisoned & sent to guillotine

Rise of Nationalism ► Nationalism- A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country  War & revolution gave the French people a strong sense of national identity  People no longer felt loyalty to one single person, but to the nation itself

French Revolution Timeline: Continued ► You will construct a timeline of the events of the French Revolution. With each date, give a brief description of the event & a colored picture ► Pgs ► Due at the end of class today. ► Dates:  1770s  1780s  May 1789  July 14, 1789  June 1791  April 1792  September 1792  January 1793  October 1793  July 1794  Reign of Terror