Imperialism and Colonialism The Children of Nationalism

European Nationalism Nationalism- policy of unifying a group of people on the basis of common land and common language Imperialism- policy of taking other countries (equal countries and underdeveloped countries) Colonialism- policy of using countries which are taken (mostly underdeveloped countries)

Imperialism needed Nationalism Imperialistic nations needed justification and motivation to attack and conquer other countries. Strong charismatic leaders Belief in national, cultural, and ethnic superiority Competition for territory and natural resources Competition for control of trade routes

Major Motives for Imperial-Colonial Activities Economic Interests Political and Military Humanitarian and Religious Applying Social Darwinism ___________________ __________________ _ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ __________________ __

Europe Prussians Austria and Hungary -weaken the Austrian Empire -annex parts of Denmark and take over smaller German States -establish the German Empire -form an uneasy alliance

The Ottoman Empire and the Balkans

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire was declining. It had weak control over its large territories. Local government officials took control over their regions Europeans viewed this as an opportunity to take Ottoman Land. Serbia and Greece won autonomy in the 1830's Russia pushed southward to the Black Sea Austria-Hungary took Bosnia and Herzegovina German played both sides

The Old Colonial Empires From the Age of Discovery some nations had already established colonial empires These included Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands

The British Empire history.com/demos/tome05/ index.php

The British Empire

Carving Up Africa The slave trade: Collusion between local tribes and White Slavers European nations begin to outlaw slavery in the early 1800'sf Colonists move inland from the coast. (missionaries and explorers: Livingston and Stanley) Belgium plays a double game (profits and Christianity)

The Middle East Had a largely Islamic population Had been mostly under the rule of the Ottoman Empire Was the key to travel to the Far East France, England and Russia competed for control France built the canal, England paid for it Russia and Britain competed for control of Persia (Iran)