Avancemos 1 Unit 1 Lesson 2 Describing People Definite & Indefinite Articles Noun/Adjective Agreement

Vocabulario

Vocabulario For each set of vocabulary words on our list, we’ll ask two questions: ¿Qué sabes? (What do you already know?) ¿Qué puedes adivinar? (What can you guess?) Then we’ll work together to fill in the ones we couldn’t guess.

Personality Traits (14) ¿Cómo eres? artístico(a) atlético(a) bueno(a) cómico(a) desorganizado(a) estudioso(a) inteligente malo(a) organizado(a) perezoso(a) serio(a) simpático(a) trabajador(a) What are you like? Artistic Athletic Good Funny Disorganized Studious Intelligent Bad Organized Lazy Serious Kind Hard-working

Physical Traits (9) Tall Short Pretty Big Good-looking / handsome alto(a) bajo(a) bonito(a) grande guapo(a) joven (pl. jóvenes) pelirrojo(a) pequeño(a) viejo(a) Tall Short Pretty Big Good-looking / handsome Young Red-haired Small Old

Articles These four words mean “the” These two words mean “a” These two words mean “some” Un Una El La Los Las Unos Unas

Hair and Eye Color (8) Tengo... Tiene... I have… He / She has… pelo rubio pelo castaño pelo negro ojos azules ojos castaños ojos verdes I have… He / She has… Blonde hair Brown hair Black hair Blue eyes Brown eyes Green eyes

People (6) el amigo/ la amiga el chico / la chica el estudiante / la estudiante el hombre la mujer la persona Friend Boy / Girl Student Man Woman Person

Other Words & Phrases (4) muy un poco porque todos (as) Very A little Because All / Every

Cultural Note: Adjectives Most adjectives in Spanish end in O when you see them on a vocabulary list or in the dictionary. But the ending can switch to an A or OS or AS depending on the noun that is being described.

Definite & Indefinite Articles

Big Ideas: Nouns Nouns are people, places and things. In Spanish, all nouns are either masculine or feminine. All nouns are also either singular or plural depending on how many there are.

Big Ideas: Gender Normally, nouns that end in ‘o’ are masculine and words that end in ‘a’ are feminine. If we are talking about a group of people that has males and females, we use the masculine plural version as the default.

Definite Articles When you learn a noun or see it in the dictionary, it will have a definite article. These words mean “the.” Masculine Feminine Singular EL LA Plural LOS LAS

Definite Article Practice Are these words masculine or feminine? Singular or plural? La chica Las clases El estudiante Los amigos

Definite Article Practice Are these words masculine or feminine? Singular or plural? La chica FEMININE, SINGULAR Las clases FEMININE, PLURAL El estudiante MASCULINE, SINGULAR Los amigos MASCULINE, PLURAL

Indefinite Articles If you are talking about nouns, you might use the word “a” or “some” instead. That’s called an indefinite article. Masculine Feminine Singular UN UNA Plural UNOS UNAS

Article Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica Unas clases Un estudiante Los amigos

Article Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica THE GIRL Unas clases SOME CLASSES Un estudiante A STUDENT Los amigos THE FRIENDS

Noun/Adjective Agreement

Big Ideas: Adjectives Adjectives are words that describe nouns (big, tall, kind, difficult). In Spanish, we put adjectives AFTER nouns in a sentence. In Spanish, adjectives have to match the noun it describes in gender and number.

More Big Ideas: Agreement If an adjective ends in ‘o,’ you can switch it to an ‘a’ to make it feminine. If an adjective ends in a vowel, you add an ‘s’ to make it plural. If an adjective ends in a consonant, you add an ‘es’ to make it plural.

Adjectives So most adjectives in Spanish actually have 4 versions: “GOOD” Masculine Feminine Singular BUENO BUENA Plural BUENOS BUENAS

Adjective Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica alta THE TALL GIRL Unas clases buenas THE GOOD CLASSES Un estudiante serio A SERIOUS STUDENT Los amigos jóvenes THE YOUNG FRIENDS

Your Turn How would you say these phrases in Spanish? The big class A tall boy Some old men The young woman

Your Turn How would you say these phrases in Spanish? The big class LA CLASE GRANDE A tall boy UN CHICO ALTO Some old men UNOS HOMBRES VIEJOS The young woman LA MUJER JOVEN

Ser If you want to make a sentence describing someone with an adjective, you need the verb SER. SINGULAR FORMS PLURAL FORMS Yo SOY Nosotros/as SOMOS Tú ERES Vosotros/os SOIS Él/ella/usted ES Ellos/ellas/ustedes SON

Full Sentences Use a form of ser and matching adjectives to make these sentences. I am big. She is tall. We are old (m&f). The girls are serious.

Full Sentences Use a form of ser and matching adjectives to make these sentences. I am big. YO SOY GRANDE. She is tall. ELLA ES ALTA. We are old (m&f). NOSOTROS SOMOS VIEJOS. The girls are serious. LAS CHICAS SON SERIAS.