Knee Sam and Matt

Disease: Osteoarthritis

Knee with Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis oSymptoms ▪Swelling ▪pain that increase with activities ▪warmth in the joint ▪stiffness in the knee ▪decrease in mobility of the knee ▪creaking, crackly sound otreatment ▪weight loss ▪exercise ▪pain relievers and anti- inflammatory drugs ▪corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid ▪braces ▪physical and occupational therapy ▪surgery

Treatment: Arthroscopy

Baker’s Cyst ● Symptoms o no pain o tightness or stiffness behind the knee o swelling behind the knee that may get worse when you stand o slight pain behind the knee and into the upper calf. ● Diagnosis o comparing two knees o MRI o transillumination o x-ray doesn’t show the cyst

Treatment for Baker’s Cyst Arthroscopy

Osgood Schlatter Disease o inflammation where patellar tendon attaches to the tibia o Cause: ● Overuse of knee area before it is finished growing -common cause of knee pain in growing adolescents ● growth spurts when the structures are changing rapidly. ● hyperactive (eg: athletic children)

Osgood Schlatter Disease osymptoms ▪knee pain and tenderness at the tibial tubercle ▪swelling at the tibial tubercle ▪tight muscles in the front or back of the thigh otreatment ▪Stretching exercises ▪non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication oSurgical Treatment is rarely indicated in children

Osgood Schlatter Disease ophysical therapy ▪acute phase ●infrapatellar strap may be recommended but has no proven efficacy ●resting recommended when pain arises ●20 minutes of icing after activities ▪recovery phase ●exercises: wall slides, squat below 90 degree, straight leg raises, short-arc quadriceps

Meniscus Tear

Bucket Handle TearFlap Tear

Radial TearDegenerative Tear

Meniscus Tear

oSymptoms ▪You may feel a pop when tearing meniscus ▪over 2~3 days the knee will be more stiff and swollen ▪Pain ▪Stiffness and swelling ▪Catching or locking of knee ▪knee feels like giving away ▪not able to move your knee in full range of motion oExamination ▪X ray- does not show meniscus tear ▪MRI- better images of the soft tissues of knee joint (meniscus)

Meniscus Tear

●Treatment oNon surgical ▪Rest ▪Ice ▪Compression ▪Elevation- leg high up higher than your heart ▪non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines osurgical ▪arthroscopic ●partial meniscectomy→ damaged meniscus tissue trimmed away

Partial Menisectomy

Meniscus Tear ●Meniscus repair → ●Total meniscectomy→

Total Knee Replacement: Causes Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Post traumatic Arthritis Bowed leg

Total Knee Replacement: Diagnosis

Total knee replacement: Procedure

Total Knee Replacement

Total Knee Replacement: Post-Op

Partial Knee Replacement (Unicompartmental)

Partial or Total Knee Replacement?

Partial Knee Replacement: Post-Op

OATS Osteoarticular Transfer System For Cartilage repair/transfer.

PCL Tear

ACL tear

ACL tear cont.

ACL tear: Symptoms and Diagnoses

PCL & ACL: Treatment Options Nonsurgical: ●RICE ●Immobilization ●Physical Therapy Surgery: ●ACL reconstruction

PCL & ACL: Surgical Procedure

Review

Review cont.

This is a horizontal x-sectional view MRI image

Review cont. MRI

Reference ohttp:// jb.pdfhttp:// jb.pdf ohttp:// -of-the-knee-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee?page=2http:// -of-the-knee-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee?page=2 ohttps:// ohttp:// cyst-topic-overview o o o 72.htm 72.htm o o o rheumatology/treatments-procedures/hic-partial-knee- replacement rheumatology/treatments-procedures/hic-partial-knee- replacement o o replacement replacement o o replacement/basics/risks/prc replacement/basics/risks/prc o zed/what-is-osteoarticular-transfer-system-oats-surgery/ zed/what-is-osteoarticular-transfer-system-oats-surgery/ o cular_Transfer_System cular_Transfer_System o pain/meniscus-tears pain/meniscus-tears o o o treatment#d11 treatment#d11 o cyst-topic-overview