Unit 2 The United Kingdom Discovering useful structures

Discovering Useful Structures The past participle as the Object Complement

Read the sentence from the reading passage. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. find + object+past participle object complement

One more sentence from the reading passage. … to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. object complement get + object+ past participle

什么是宾语补足语？ 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还 要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这 类常用的及物动词有： make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let 等。 We think him clever. What he said made me angry. We consider the answer correct. Everyone calls him Tom. ( 宾语 )( 宾补 ) ( 宾语 )( 宾补 ) ( 宾语 ) ( 宾补 ) ( 宾语 )( 宾补 )

宾语补足语的表示法 1.His father named him Doming. 2.They painted their house white. 3.You mustn’t force him to go at once. 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 5. We saw her entering the room. ( 名词 ) ( 形容词 ) （不定式） （不定式短语） ( 现在分词或其短语 )

5. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock. 6. We take English as a useful tool for research work. 7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in. 9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. ( 过去分词 ) （用介词引出） （介词短语） （副词） ( 从句 )

用过去分词充当宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成 或结束。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般 都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意 义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的 过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾 语是过去分词动作的对象。 After waking up, I found everyone gone. The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. They found their new bikes stolen.

1. 在 feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch 等 表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示 感受到某人或某事被做。 I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.

2. 在 get, have, make, keep 使役动词之后, 用过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示 “ 使 / 让 …” 。 We should keep them informed of what is going on here. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.

3. 表示 “ 意欲；命令 ” 的动词如 like, order, want, wish ，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible. He didn’t want such question discussed at the meeting.

“with ＋宾语＋过去分词 ” 结构中，过去分 词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结 构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因 等状语。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. With water heated, we can see the steam. With the matter settled, we all went home. 4. “with ＋宾语＋过去分词 ” 结构

5. “have + 宾语＋过去分词 ” 的几种含义 在 “ have ＋宾语＋过去分词 ” 结构中，过去 分词作宾语补足语， have 也可用 get 。这一结 构有以下几种含义： 1. 意为 “ 主语请别人做某事 ” 。 He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 2. 意为 “ 主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的 事情 ” 。 Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 3. 意为 “ 使完成某事 ” ，事情既可以是别人做 完，也可以由主语参与完成。 He had the walls painted this morning.

过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语是动作 的承受者；现在分词作宾语补足语时宾 语是动作的执行者。试比较： I found him lying on the grass just now. I found him knocked down by a car. 区分过去分词作宾语补足语与现在 分词作宾语补足语

过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不 定式强调动发生的全过程，现在分词强 调它们之间的主动关系。 I saw her come into the classroom. I saw her coming into the classroom. I saw her taken out of the classroom. 过去分词与不定式，现在分词作宾语 补足语的区别

1. We have got the house mended now. 2. You look different today. Have you had your hair cut? 3. Do you want to have the dictionary delivered to your house or would you prefer to the shop for it? 4. A: Could I have a look at the photographs you took when you were in Europe? B: Sorry, I haven’t had the film developed yet. 5. On my way to the station my car broke down. When I got the to the repair shop I found it closed. Answers to Ex. 2 on Page 13.

6. The computer doesn’t seem to work well. You’d better get it repaired? 7. Jill and Eric got all their money stolen while they were on holiday. 8. The listening text might be easier for the students if you have it divided into two parts.

9. At yesterday’s meeting Tony had some of his points clarified. 10. Chris had some flowers sent to Sarah on her birthday. Then Chris asked Sarah to marry him and they had it announced in the newspaper. They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The reporter promised to keep us _________ (inform) of the latest news. 2. I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________ (understand) clearly without explaining the question. 3. The manager was happy to see all of the problems _________ (settle) so quickly. informed understood settled

4. Have you had my film ____________ (develop)? I can’t wait to see all my photos. 5. When I entered the office, I found the window _________ (break) and the computer _______ (steal). 6. James had some flowers ______ (send) to Sarah on her birthday. developed broken stolen sent

7. What he had said made me ________. (surprise) 8. There was a terrible noise _________ the sudden burst of light. (follow) 9. My glasses are broken. I’ll have to get them ________.(repair) 10. With her finger _______ to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point) 11. The doctor warned him ________ food after the operation. (not eat) surprised following repaired pointing not to eat

1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry out 2. Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ___ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired C 二、单项填空。

3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ____ around our school. A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted 4. Is this the recorder you want ____? A. to have repaired B. to repaired C. to have it repaired D. it repaired 5. She was glad to see her child well ____ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking B A C

6. The result of the entrance exams was not made ___ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 7. He found them ____ at table___. A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess B C

8. I can make you ___ what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English. A. understand; understand B. understand; understood C. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood B

9. The girl asked him not to leave the door _____. A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing 10. I have often heard the ABC song____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it. A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing B C

11. The two students were told to have the classroom _______ after school. A. clean B. cleaned C. cleaning D. to clean 12. Can you suggest a good way to get my spoken English _________ in a short period of time? A. improve B. improving C. to improve D. improved B D

13. You can hear English ______ in almost every university in China. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 14. In order to make herself ________, she tried raising her voice. A. hear B. heard C. hearing D. being heard 15. Miss Lin found her house ______ when she came back from New York. A. break into B. broken into C. to break into D. breaking into C B B

1. I often hear the girl ____ this English song in her room. 2. The girl is often heard _______ this English song in her room. 3. I hear this English song ____ in her room. 4. This English song was heard ____ by the girl in her room. 5. I heard the girl _______ this English song in her room when I passed by. sing to sing sung singing 三、用 sing 的正确形式填空。

1. Review the grammar focus in this unit and Finish “Using Structures” on pages 50 and Preview using language – reading passage on page 14.