Imperialism Expands Today we are going to describe how the policies and actions of the United States government impacted the affairs other countries.

“Teddy” and Imperialism European nations were thinking about intervening in the Latin America. –Violating the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt says stay out! –Roosevelt Corollary – United States would become a police power, restoring order in Latin America. –Extended the Monroe Doctrine

“Big Stick” Diplomacy Americas role was to “civilize” weaker nations –U.S. would be “police” of the Hemisphere How do you think Latin Americans felt about this?

“Speak softly and carry a big stick”

Teddy builds the Panama Canal A quicker route for shipping goods from Atlantic to Asia Through Nicaragua or Panama

Need for Land Land was owned by Colombia and U.S. had to buy land –Colombia wanted more than the U.S. would pay U.S. organizes a revolution for Panama to get independence from Colombia

Then the Canal

Was it easy to make?

Construction of Canal Area had soft soil and swamps Diseases and accidents killed thousands of workers Cost $380 million Completed in 1914

Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy Encouraged wealthy U.S. citizens and businesses to invest in Central America Low-interest loans

Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy U.S. had the right to deny recognition to any government in Latin America it saw as: –Oppressive –Undemocratic –Hostile to U.S. interests

US and Mexico

Mexican Revolution! Diaz had ruled Mexico for over 30 years Peasants and workers overthrew him

Revolution Continues Villa and Zapata lead peasants and indigenous Mexicans for land and rights

Villa Continues to Fight Crosses into New Mexico and kills Americans  tries to get U.S. to invade to take out new corrupt President

No War, but No Peace for Mexico U.S. foreign policy continues to exert control over Mexico and other Latin American Nations

U.S.-Japanese Relations Japan had closed itself to outsiders in the late 1400s; held a strong mistrust of Western cultures In mid-1800s, US businesses began to view Japan as an untapped market for trade

Russo-Japanese War : Russia and Japan went to war over control of Korea and Manchuria US President Theodore Roosevelt oversaw peace negotiations (Treaty of Portsmouth, 1905) Japan disappointed in negotiations – Weakens US-Japanese relationship

US and China Political and military China weak – Lost war with Japan in 1894 – Bullied into “leasing” Manchuria to Russia in 1898 – US exports increased Chinese market had strong potential for American business

Spheres of Influence in China Countries fighting for influence: – Russia – Germany – France – Japan – Britain US was in danger of losing China as a market for US products Leads to Open Door Policy

The Open Door Policy 1899: US Secretary of State John Hay sent his “open door note” – Notification to other world powers that the US supported open trade in China Foreign powers were angered over US demands – But did nothing in response

The Boxer Rebellion 1900: Chinese nationalists, unhappy with foreigners’ influence on China, rose up in revolt Hundreds of foreigners were killed US contributed troops to an international force which crushed the rebellion