Chapter One The Pleasure of Music

A Unique Record of Our Humanity Time Capsule to the Stars Time Capsule to the Stars Voyager 1 and 2 Voyager 1 and 2 Short term mission: fly by Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune and send back data Short term mission: fly by Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune and send back data Long term mission: search for intelligent life in galaxy Long term mission: search for intelligent life in galaxy Phonograph records that contain digitized photos, sounds, and pictures of humanity’s achievements\ Phonograph records that contain digitized photos, sounds, and pictures of humanity’s achievements\

Voyager and Its Music Record includes greetings in 51 languages Record includes greetings in 51 languages Samples of music; Earth’s “greatest hits” Samples of music; Earth’s “greatest hits” Humans more than perceiving and thinking Humans more than perceiving and thinking Attempt to convey human emotions Attempt to convey human emotions 27 musical selections from a wide range and variety of human cultures 27 musical selections from a wide range and variety of human cultures

Music and the Individual Musical Connections to Childhood Musical Connections to Childhood In most cultures, music exposure begins early In most cultures, music exposure begins early Musical Preferences Musical Preferences Tastes may change as we age Tastes may change as we age Influenced less by family and more by peers Influenced less by family and more by peers Help express and affirm growing sense of identity Help express and affirm growing sense of identity

Family and the Musical Identity Musical Families Musical Families Music holds different roles/importance in different families Music holds different roles/importance in different families Can occupy central or professional role Can occupy central or professional role Two examples of “Musical Dynasties” Two examples of “Musical Dynasties” Bach family Bach family Marsalis family Marsalis family

Musical Dynasties The Bach Family More than seven generations of musicians More than seven generations of musicians Family Head: Johann Sebastian Bach Family Head: Johann Sebastian Bach Court and church organist with amazing improvisational skills Court and church organist with amazing improvisational skills Composed large amount of music – over 1,000 works survive today Composed large amount of music – over 1,000 works survive today J.S. Bach (and several of his children) went on to influence the development of classical music J.S. Bach (and several of his children) went on to influence the development of classical music The Marsalis Family 20 th Century dynasty Family Head: Ellis Marsalis Pianist, composer, teacher Shaped and nurtured family’s musical talent Four sons with international fame Branford, saxophone Wynton, trumpet Delfeayo, trombone Jason, drums

The Global Reach of Music Music called the “universal language” and a “global expression” Music called the “universal language” and a “global expression” While does communicate, sharp variations exist in music created by different people While does communicate, sharp variations exist in music created by different people Capacity to respond to and derive pleasure from is what’s universal Capacity to respond to and derive pleasure from is what’s universal

World Influences Modern technology makes it possible to access and share music from different countries Modern technology makes it possible to access and share music from different countries Some musicians blend influences into own work Some musicians blend influences into own work Angélique Kidjo Angélique Kidjo Music blends West African influences with American, European, and Latin American characteristics Music blends West African influences with American, European, and Latin American characteristics Accessible and global appeal Accessible and global appeal

West African Rhythms Made lasting contributions to American culture Made lasting contributions to American culture African rhythms influencing American music, like jazz African rhythms influencing American music, like jazz Clave pattern distinctive and has broad influence Clave pattern distinctive and has broad influence Usually played on wooden sticks, but can be played on any instrument as long as can be heard above the drumming Usually played on wooden sticks, but can be played on any instrument as long as can be heard above the drumming Often heard in Latin jazz, R&B, and other African- American musical styles Often heard in Latin jazz, R&B, and other African- American musical styles Closely related to “Hambone” rhythm Closely related to “Hambone” rhythm

European Influence in World Music Germany and Austria have particularly profound influence on musical culture Germany and Austria have particularly profound influence on musical culture Traditional folk songs, hymns, and Classical works Traditional folk songs, hymns, and Classical works Great Classical master composers Great Classical master composers Example: Johann Pachelbel Example: Johann Pachelbel From Germany From Germany Composed one of Western world’s best known melodies: Canon in D Composed one of Western world’s best known melodies: Canon in D

Technology and the Future of Music Possible to listen to variety of music anytime, anywhere Possible to listen to variety of music anytime, anywhere Music of any culture or any time period Music of any culture or any time period Compact discs (CDs) Compact discs (CDs) mp3 players mp3 players satellite radio satellite radio

Chapter One Vocabulary Form – the structure and design of a composition, incorporating repetition, contrast, unity, and variety Form – the structure and design of a composition, incorporating repetition, contrast, unity, and variety Call-and-response – a question-and-answer pattern in which a group responds to a leader Call-and-response – a question-and-answer pattern in which a group responds to a leader Clave – a basic rhythmic pattern that provides the foundation for the complex rhythms played by multiple drums Clave – a basic rhythmic pattern that provides the foundation for the complex rhythms played by multiple drums Beat – a steady, recurring pulse Melody – an intentionally organized succession of musical tones Pitch – the highness or lowness of sound determined by its frequency of vibration Canon – a musical form where parts enter at different times but have the same melody throughout