Vocabulary: Unit 2

Vocal/ Voice/ Vocalist  What does “voc” mean? ________________ How about “vociferous” __________________

Need an Advocate?  What does an advocate DO?  Prefix ‘ad-’ means ‘to’.  So, advocate means to__________.

WORD TOWER: from the root ‘voc-’ meaning ‘speak or call’

Provoke:  “Don’t provoke me”  Provoke: to cause someone to do or feel something. Ex) You could provoke someone to take action against lawn gnomes everywhere.

Prefix ‘e-’ means ‘out’  EVOKE:  A song might evoke feelings or images.  An evocative picture might make you weep.  What does ‘evoke’ mean?

Revoke:  ‘re-’ means:  So, revoke means:  What kinds of things can be revoked?

And, lastly, INVOKE:  Prefix ‘in-’ means “in” within most words, but it can also mean “upon” in several cases.  INVOKE: “to call upon”…usually for help.  Ancient poets invoked muses to inspire them.  After getting a flat tire, you might invoke help from a passing motorist.  You can invoke the Fifth Amendment in court.

Root: Fac  What does it mean?  To MAKE/DO

Word Tower!

Words to Know: Fac-  Facile—easy  Artifact—art made by humans.  Benefactor— “make good”—someone who gives a gift. Ex) tooth fairy, grandparent, etc.  Benefit—Good that was made.  Affect/Effect: Remember these? Make or feel change. These contain the fac- root.

Factitious:  I once had a kid tell me that when he was a small kid he was lifted by an eagle, who flew away, but came back and let him go after awhile.  He also told me he knew how to hotwire any vehicle on the road.  He was only in 3 rd grade.  Probably, what he was telling me was facticious.

“The world needs dreamers and the world needs doers. But above all, the world needs dreamers who do.” The world needs dreamers and the world needs doers. But above all, the world needs dreamers who do.The world needs dreamers and the world needs doers. But above all, the world needs dreamers who do.

Too Many To’s…  When to “oo” and when to “o”.

“To be or not too be, that is the question.”

When you use “to”:  Never at the end of a sentence.  At the beginning of prepositional phrases, which show direction you are going or where something is being focused:  “to the fair” “to your party”  OR it starts an infinitive verb…  “to ride my moped” “to watch a movie”

Problems with Prepositions?  Try this: “The mouse ran ___________ the box.:  Most prepositions will fit into that blank.

How about TOO?  1. Either you are modifying something by showing HOW MUCH/MANY :  “too many marshmallows in my mouth”  How many? TOO many!  “too much sleep”  How much? TOO much!  “too cold outside”  How cold? 54 degrees! Oh, I mean TOO cold!

OR “too can mean “ALSO”  I want to go too!  Flint Lockwood likes Jello too.  Often at the end of a sentence when used in this sense, but not always.  He too smelled the skunk.

A VISUAL REMINDER:  ‘To is used most often, BUT if you need to add something “also” or tell “how much or how extreme”, then you need the ‘O’ sidecar to turn it from ‘to’ to ‘too.’

Practice:   OR ed/TooToandTwo.pdfhttp://english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/enged/TooToandTwo.pdf ed/TooToandTwo.pdfhttp://english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/enged/TooToandTwo.pdf

Agony

Origin  Greek “Agon” originally meant “one who leads” but changed to also refer to the Olympic games to see who would lead.  Now it has come to mean “one who leads/ struggles” or “struggle”

Word Tower: AGON-

Protagonist Prot--comes from “protots”= “first” and “agonist” = leader, or one who is struggling.

Antagonist Prefix “Ant” or “Anti” means ____________________ An antagonist is the force or person that the protagonist ________________. Name an antagonist that is a force, not a person. How about a short video? protagonist and antagonist