TASHKENT MEDICAL ACADEMY Department of Bioorganic and Biological Chemistry Bioorganic chemistry I COURSE SUBJECT : Lipids. Saponifiable lipids LECTURE №14 LECTURER : PROFESSOR A.D.DZHURAEV
PURPOSE OF LECTURES: Form of knowledge of the structure and chemical properties of saponifiable lipids and their structural components such as the chemical basis for the study of biological membranes and processes of lipid metabolism.
The questions of: Lipids. Determination of saponifiable lipids. Simple lipids. Fats, oils and waxes. The types and properties of fatty acids comprising the saponifiable lipids. Complex lipids. The structure of phospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycolipids. Saponifiable lipids and properties of its structural components.
Determination of lipids Lipids - a group of substances found in the tissues of plants and animals, not very soluble in water and soluble in low-polarity solvents. The functions of lipids - 1. energy Sources 2. protective 3.stroitelny material of cell membranes
Classification saponifiable lipids
Saturated acid: C14 CН3(CН2)12COOН, C13 Н27COOН - myristic C16 CН3(CН2)14COOН, C15 Н31COOН - palmitic C18 CН3(CН2)16COOН, C17 Н 35COOН - stearic C20 CН3(CН2)18COOН, C19 Н39COOН - arachidonic
Unsaturated acids C18:1 C17Н33COOН - oleic C18:2 C17Н31COOН - linoleic C18:3 C17Н29COOН - linolenic C18:4 C1 9Н31COOН - arachidonic
Pro – Stain Acid
Palmitic acid C H 3 O + 7 2 2[H] 15 31 14 Palmitic acid
Simple lipids Waxes Remainder of cetyl alcohol Остаток мирицилового спирта
Fats and oils Triolein - oleo-- palmityl-1- stearin
Glycerophospholipids Complex lipids phospholipids Glycerophospholipids Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase L-glycero-3-phosphate dihydrogen acetone
Sphingolipids ceramide sphingosine sphingomyelin
Glycolipids ceramide residue galaktotserebrozid
Composition and properties of saponifiable lipids Tsetilpalmitat palmitic acid cetyl alcohol 1-2-palmito oleostearin soap phosphatidyl kolamin (Kefalonia)
The addition reaction: Tristearin (salomas) Triolein
Oxidation reaction hydroperoxide break
Oxidation of unsaturated acids peroxy acid oleic acid 9,10-эпоксистеариновая кислота
Oxidation of oleic acid pelargonic acid oleic acid azelaic acid