consider…to be 认为 …… 是 throughout the world: all over the world relevant adj. 相关的；有价值的；有意义的 be relevant to 与 …… 相关 involve… in… 使 …… 参与 be involved in 卷入；参加 be born into a … family 出生于 …… 之家 attend school 上学

2. Being allergic to cat fur, he started sneezing … 3. He sat quietly in the armchair, waiting for his friend to return. 4. After confirming your flight, you can pay for it. 5. Not having been rewound, the tape can’t be played. 6. Before cashing that cheque, make sure … 7. Having worked there for ten years, he knew the air terminal well. 8. Having been vacant for a long time, the house was very dusty. Ex2 on P16 –ing 状语

1.He _________ cat fur ________ dangerous, because he ___________________ it. 2.What you wrote is not _________________ the topic. 3.He was _________________ a teacher’s family. 4.He was said to ________________________ the accident. be involved in; consider… to be; be allergic to; be born into; be relevant to is allergic to considers to be relevant to born into have been involved in

语法专攻 巩固运用 1. walking 2.Having finished 3.Not having received 4. talking 经典考题连接 B D B C B D C C C

1 Complete with phrases from the box P.60 1 __________ with you? You look really angry about something. 2 A: What are you doing? B: _______________________. What's up Mind your own business

3 _____________ the whole school, I would like to thank you for coming to talk to us. 4 You are _________________, the most annoying person I have ever met. On behalf of beyond question

5 She ___________ for herself as the smartest girl in the class. 6 I ____________________ all your jokes. Can't you be serious for a little while? 7 I have grown very ________ little Timmy since he came to stay with us. made a name have had enough of fond of 8 It was very generous of him to _________ his old car when he bought a new one. give away

Ex 1 on P61 1.Having cheated on this exam, he was given zero by the teacher. 2.Disappointed with my results, I sat for the exam again. 3.Caught with the stolen television in his house, he was arrested by the policeman. 4.Some students whispered in the back of the room, annoying the speaker. 5.Given the number of people attending, I think we must get more food ready. 6.You can make the soup taste better by adding sugar.

Ex2 on P61—ing 形式作状语 1.Having been woken by the thunder, she couldn’t get back to sleep. 2.Having put petrol in the car with petrol the day before, he was surprised......run out of 用完 3.She disguised herself as a man in order to get a good job. 4. Hating the cruel way his wife is behaving, Goneril’s husband, the Duke of Albany, decides to leave her and go to fight with … 5. Having retired from the army, my uncle has had a great deal of spare time on his hands.

Ex2 on P61 从句作状语 1.Although 2.If … 3.Unless… 4.Even if… 5.Since… 6.….whenever… 7.Before… 8.…when…