Diagrams For Chapter 4 Test Skin & Body Membranes Anatomy & Physiology Honors Instructor: Phyllis Smith Jefferson Township High School

Figure 4.1a Classes of epithelial membranes. (a) Cutaneous membrane. membrane (skin) (a) Cutaneous membrane

Figure 4.1b Classes of epithelial membranes. (b) Mucous membranes. Mucosa of nasal cavity Mucosa of mouth Esophagus lining Mucosa of lung bronchi (b) Mucous membranes

Figure 4.1c Classes of epithelial membranes. (c) Serous membranes. Parietal peritoneum Visceral peritoneum (c) Serous membranes

Outer wall (comparable to parietal serosa) Figure 4.1d  Classes of epithelial membranes. (d) Relationship between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers. Parietal pleura Visceral pleura Parietal pericardium Visceral pericardium Outer wall (comparable to parietal serosa) Air or water (comparable to serous fluid) Inner wall (comparable to visceral serosa) (d)

Figure 4.2 A typical synovial joint. Ligament Joint cavity (contains synovial fluid) Articular (hyaline) cartilage Fibrous capsule Articular capsule Synovial membrane

Figure 4.3 The epidermis of thick skin.

Figure 4.3 The epidermis of thick skin. Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale Dermis

Skin structure Sensory nerve fiber Hair follicle receptor

Cutaneous blood vessels Pacinian corpuscle Sensory nerve fiber Figure 4.4  Skin structure. Hair shaft Pore Dermal papillae Epidermis Arrector pili muscle Papillary layer Appendages of the skin: Sebaceous (oil) gland Dermis Reticular layer Eccrine sweat gland Hair follicle Hair root Hypodermis (subcutan- eous tissue) Adipose (fat) tissue Nervous structures: Meissner’s corpuscle Cutaneous blood vessels Pacinian corpuscle Sensory nerve fiber Hair follicle receptor

Appendages of the Skin Figure 4.6b

Appendages of the Skin Figure 4.6a

Figure 4. 7a Structure of a hair and hair follicle Figure 4.7a  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (a) Longitudinal section of a hair within its follicle. (a)

Hair shaft Arrector pili Sebaceous gland Hair root Hair bulb Figure 4.7a  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (a) Longitudinal section of a hair within its follicle. Hair shaft Arrector pili Sebaceous gland Hair root Hair bulb in follicle (a)

Figure 4.7b Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (b) Hair.

Figure 4.7b Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (b) Hair. Cuticle Cortex Medulla (b) Hair

Figure 4. 7c Structure of a hair and hair follicle Figure 4.7c   Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (c)  Enlarged longitudinal view of the expanded hair bulb in the follicle showing the matrix, the region of actively dividing epithelial cells that produces the hair. (c)

Dermal sheath Hair follicle Epidermal sheath Matrix (growth Figure 4.7c   Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (c)  Enlarged longitudinal view of the expanded hair bulb in the follicle showing the matrix, the region of actively dividing epithelial cells that produces the hair. Dermal sheath Hair follicle Epidermal sheath Matrix (growth zone) in hair bulb Melanocyte Connective tissue papilla containing blood vessels (c)

Figure 4.9a Structure of a nail. (a) Surface view.

Figure 4.9a Structure of a nail. (a) Surface view. Body of nail Lateral nail fold Lunula Cuticle (a) Surface view

(b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger Figure 4.9b  Structure of a nail. (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger. (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger

(b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger Figure 4.9b  Structure of a nail. (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger. Nail matrix Root of nail Proximal nail fold Nail bed Free edge of nail Cuticle Body of nail Bone of fingertip Stratum basale (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger