Photoelectric Effect (How Einstein really became famous!)

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Presentation transcript:

Photoelectric Effect (How Einstein really became famous!)

Photoelectric Effect Metal Foil

Photoelectric Effect Metal Foil

Photoelectric Effect ► As blue light strikes the metal foil, the foil emits electrons.

Photoelectric Effect

► When red light hits the metal foil, the foil does not emit electrons. ► Blue light has more energy than red light. ► How could we get more energy into the red light? ► Try increasing the brightness.

Photoelectric Effect

► Well, that didn’t work! ► Maybe its still not bright enough.

Photoelectric Effect

► Still not working. ► What happens with brighter blue light?

Photoelectric Effect

► More blue light means more electrons emitted, but that doesn’t work with red.

Photoelectric Effect

► Wave theory cannot explain these phenomena, as the energy depends on the intensity (brightness) ► According to wave theory bright red light should work! ► BUT IT DOESN’T!

Photoelectric Effect ► Einstein said that light travels in tiny packets called quanta. ► The energyof each quanta is given by its frequency ► The energy of each quanta is given by its frequency E=hf Energy Planck’s constant frequency

Photoelectric Effect ► Each metal has a minimum energy needed for an electron to be emitted. ► This is known as the work function, W. ► So, for an electron to be emitted, the energy of the photon, hf, must be greater than the work function, W. ► The excess energy is the kinetic energy, E of the emitted electron.

Photoelectric Effect EINSTEIN’S PHOTOELECTRIC EQUATION:- E = h f - W

Photoelectric Effect ► For a further demonstration try this website:-The Photoelectric Effect The Photoelectric EffectThe Photoelectric Effect Try to find the work functions of :- AluminiumSilverCopperSodiumPlatinum