The Roaring 1920’s Society in the 1920’s Society in the 1920’s Changes in Manners Changes in Manners Changes in Morals Changes in Morals Mass Media and the Mass Media and the Jazz Age The Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance

Ch 13 Sec2 The 20’s Woman How were women’s roles changing? How were women’s roles changing? How did the image of the flapper embody the changing values and attitudes of young women in the 1920’s? How did the image of the flapper embody the changing values and attitudes of young women in the 1920’s? What were the causes and results of the changing roles of women in the 1920’s? What were the causes and results of the changing roles of women in the 1920’s?

Women’s Changing Roles Image of the Flapper Image of the Flapper Rebellious, energetic, fun-loving, and bold. Rebellious, energetic, fun-loving, and bold. Stylish Urban young women Stylish Urban young women Impact on fashion and behavior Impact on fashion and behavior Short bobbed hair and make-up Short bobbed hair and make-up Wide-brimmed hats Wide-brimmed hats Close fitting dresses, very short Close fitting dresses, very short Drank and Smoked in public Drank and Smoked in public Dancing and language annoyed parents Dancing and language annoyed parents

The Double Standard A set of standards granting greater sexual freedom to men than to women A set of standards granting greater sexual freedom to men than to women Women were required to observe stricter standards of behavior than men did Women were required to observe stricter standards of behavior than men did Women were pulled back and forth between new standards and the old Women were pulled back and forth between new standards and the old

Images of the Flappers

Women Working and Voting 15% of wage earning women became professionals, although businesses remained prejudice towards women. 15% of wage earning women became professionals, although businesses remained prejudice towards women. Only 35% of women voted in Only 35% of women voted in Progressive women did lobby the Shepard –Towner Act which aided women and children. (Infant/Pre- natal care.) Progressive women did lobby the Shepard –Towner Act which aided women and children. (Infant/Pre- natal care.) Jeanette Rankin WY, US House of Reps. Jeanette Rankin WY, US House of Reps.

Ch 13 Sec3 Education and Popular Culture What was popular culture of the 1920’s? What was popular culture of the 1920’s? How did mass media create a shared culture? How did mass media create a shared culture? Why did the youth dominated decade come to be called the Roaring twenties? Why did the youth dominated decade come to be called the Roaring twenties?

Americans on the Move By 1920, more Americans lived in cities. By 1920, more Americans lived in cities. High School enrollments and Taxes increased High School enrollments and Taxes increased Rural /Urban split due to changes in education, occupations, and cultural issues. Rural /Urban split due to changes in education, occupations, and cultural issues. Over 500,000 African Americans migrated from South to North. Over 500,000 African Americans migrated from South to North. Better jobs, education, yet harsh discrimination. (De Facto Discrimination) Better jobs, education, yet harsh discrimination. (De Facto Discrimination)

Other Migration Mexicans emigrated to the US because of job opportunities. Mexicans emigrated to the US because of job opportunities. The US had limited immigration with quotas for European, Japanese and Chinese immigrants. The US had limited immigration with quotas for European, Japanese and Chinese immigrants. Los Angeles developed a district barrio or Spanish speaking neighborhood. Los Angeles developed a district barrio or Spanish speaking neighborhood. Puerto Ricans migrated to NYC Puerto Ricans migrated to NYC

Growth of Suburbs Trolleys allowed people to get from their suburban homes to jobs and stores. Trolleys allowed people to get from their suburban homes to jobs and stores. By mid 1920’s 70,000 buses were operating in the US. By mid 1920’s 70,000 buses were operating in the US. Cars became cheaper and offered greater flexibility in travel. Cars became cheaper and offered greater flexibility in travel.

American Heroes Charles Lindbergh – 1927 NY to Paris Charles Lindbergh – 1927 NY to Paris Amelia Earhart – 1932 CA to Hawaii Amelia Earhart – 1932 CA to Hawaii Jack Dempsey- Heavyweight Champ Jack Dempsey- Heavyweight Champ Babe Ruth – 60 HR in 1927, Yankees Babe Ruth – 60 HR in 1927, Yankees Gertrude Ederle – Gold medalist 1924 Gertrude Ederle – Gold medalist 1924

Mass Media MOVIES: 80 million tickets sold a week. The first talkie The Jazz Singer Big Stars: Greta Garbo, Clara Bow, Charlie Chaplin, Lon Chaney, Mary Pickford, Gloria Swanson, and Rudolph Valentino.

Newspapers and Magazines Between 1920 and 1929 daily newspaper circulation rose from 28 million to almost 40 million. Between 1920 and 1929 daily newspaper circulation rose from 28 million to almost 40 million. By 1929 Americans were buying 200 million copies of magazines. By 1929 Americans were buying 200 million copies of magazines. Saturday Evening Post, Readers Digest, Ladies Home Journal, and Time were popular. Saturday Evening Post, Readers Digest, Ladies Home Journal, and Time were popular.

Popular Magazines

Radio of the 1920’s First radio broadcast – 1920 Election results by KDKA in Pittsburgh First radio broadcast – 1920 Election results by KDKA in Pittsburgh By 1922, 500 stations were on air By 1922, 500 stations were on air NBC, CBS brought the same jokes, commercials, music, sports, religious services, and news to many Americans. NBC, CBS brought the same jokes, commercials, music, sports, religious services, and news to many Americans. Between 1922 and 1929 the # of radios rose from 60,000 to 12mil Between 1922 and 1929 the # of radios rose from 60,000 to 12mil

Radio 1920’s

Art and Literature of the 1920’s Famous Artists: Edward Hopper, Rockwell Kent, Georgia O’Keeffe. Famous Artists: Edward Hopper, Rockwell Kent, Georgia O’Keeffe. Famous Authors: Famous Authors: Sinclair Lewis Sinclair Lewis F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald Earnest Hemingway Earnest Hemingway T.S. Elliot T.S. Elliot “The Lost Generation” –authors disconnected from their country and its values. “The Lost Generation” –authors disconnected from their country and its values.

The Lost Generation The Lost Generation

Ch 13 Sec 4 The Harlem Renaissance What were the cause and results of the Great Migration of African Americans to Northern cities in the early 1900’s? What were the cause and results of the Great Migration of African Americans to Northern cities in the early 1900’s? What was the prolific African –American artistic activity of the Harlem Renaissance? What was the prolific African –American artistic activity of the Harlem Renaissance?

The Harlem Renaissance NYC’s Harlem was a cultural center for African Americans. NYC’s Harlem was a cultural center for African Americans. The Renaissance is known as a cultural and literary awakening as well as a time of acceptance. The Renaissance is known as a cultural and literary awakening as well as a time of acceptance. Authors: Authors: Alan Locke - The New Negro (1925) Alan Locke - The New Negro (1925) Zora Nele Hurston -Their Eyes are Watching God (1937) Zora Nele Hurston -Their Eyes are Watching God (1937)

Harlem Renaissance II Famous Poets: Famous Poets: Claude McCay – Harlem Shadows (1922) Claude McCay – Harlem Shadows (1922) Countee Cullen – Color Countee Cullen – Color Langston Hughes – The Weary Blues, I Too (1926) Langston Hughes – The Weary Blues, I Too (1926)

The Jazz Age Jazz grew out of African American music of the South like Ragtime and Blues. Jazz grew out of African American music of the South like Ragtime and Blues. Jazz Clubs, Radio Play, and Dances Jazz Clubs, Radio Play, and Dances Cotton Club – Harlem NYC Cotton Club – Harlem NYC Connie’s Inn Connie’s Inn Saratoga Club Saratoga Club

Cotton Club

Jazz Age Icons Jelly Roll Morton Jelly Roll Morton Benny Goodman Benny Goodman Louis Armstrong Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington Duke Ellington Ma Rainey Ma Rainey Bessy Smith Bessy Smith

Duke Ellington and George Gershwin

African- American Voices The Great Migration saw 500,000 African Americans move North The Great Migration saw 500,000 African Americans move North NAACP – WEB Du Bois NAACP – WEB Du Bois Du Bois wrote The Crisis an NAACP magazine to highlight racial violence and to form a platform in the civil rights fight Du Bois wrote The Crisis an NAACP magazine to highlight racial violence and to form a platform in the civil rights fight 1920’s – Executive Secretary of the NAACP James Weldon Johnson fought for anti-lynching laws 1920’s – Executive Secretary of the NAACP James Weldon Johnson fought for anti-lynching laws

Marcus Garvey and the UNIA Marcus Garvey an immigrant from Jamaica believed African Americans should build a separate society. Marcus Garvey an immigrant from Jamaica believed African Americans should build a separate society. In 1918 the UNIA was moved to Harlem In 1918 the UNIA was moved to Harlem It promoted black owned businesses It promoted black owned businesses He founded the “Black Star” Shipping Line He founded the “Black Star” Shipping Line He inspired Black Pride He inspired Black Pride Proposed “Back to Motherland Africa” Movement Proposed “Back to Motherland Africa” Movement

1920’s Images