The Decline & Fall of the Spanish Monarchy Habsburg Dynasty

Decay of the monarchy – inbreedingDecay of the monarchy – inbreeding Increase in number and power the of nobilityIncrease in number and power the of nobility Monarchy and nobility continued to live a lifestyle they could no longer affordMonarchy and nobility continued to live a lifestyle they could no longer afford Rulers pursued misguided and ineffective policies.Rulers pursued misguided and ineffective policies.

Costly wars with England, Netherlands, and FranceCostly wars with England, Netherlands, and France Military suffered numerous defeats, both army and navyMilitary suffered numerous defeats, both army and navy Succession by PortugalSuccession by Portugal Continual threats from FranceContinual threats from France Financial losses assisting Austrian Habsburgs in 30 Years’ WarFinancial losses assisting Austrian Habsburgs in 30 Years’ War

Stagnation of middle class & poverty of peasantsStagnation of middle class & poverty of peasants Decrease in population due to illness, disease, and warDecrease in population due to illness, disease, and war Ineffectiveness of Church, continued to support monarchy while not dealing with issues of the lower classesIneffectiveness of Church, continued to support monarchy while not dealing with issues of the lower classes Decline in Spanish industry, commerce, and agricultureDecline in Spanish industry, commerce, and agriculture

Expulsion of Jews and converted Muslims deprived Spain of merchants and skilled workers.Expulsion of Jews and converted Muslims deprived Spain of merchants and skilled workers. Decrease in domestic production- dependent on products from other countriesDecrease in domestic production- dependent on products from other countries Inflation due to imported silverInflation due to imported silver Cost of Spanish goods increased- less buyersCost of Spanish goods increased- less buyers Decline in exports from the AmericasDecline in exports from the Americas

Charles V : Holy Roman Empire Charles I : Spain Abdicated throne after the Peace of AugsburgAbdicated throne after the Peace of Augsburg Spanish Habsburg lands given to son Philip IISpanish Habsburg lands given to son Philip II Austrian Habsburg lands given to his brother Ferdinand IAustrian Habsburg lands given to his brother Ferdinand I

Philip II Married 4 times, including his 1 st cousin, Queen Mary of England, and Anne of Austria (his sister’s daughter, his niece!)Married 4 times, including his 1 st cousin, Queen Mary of England, and Anne of Austria (his sister’s daughter, his niece!) Had Philip IIIHad Philip III

Don Carlos, Prince of Asturias Philip IIs first son from Maria Manuel of Portugal. Due to continual inbreeding of the Spanish & Portuguese royal families, he was born with physical deformities and was mental unstable. As he became older he was subject to fits of homicidal mania. He was imprisoned by Philip II in 1568.

Philip III Married Margaret of Austria Had 3 children: Anne of Austria (married Louis XIII of France)Anne of Austria (married Louis XIII of France) Philip IVPhilip IV Maria Anna of Spain (married Ferdinand III of HRE)Maria Anna of Spain (married Ferdinand III of HRE)

Philip IV Married Elisabeth of Bourbon (She was Henry IV’s daughter, Louis XIII’s sister)Married Elisabeth of Bourbon (She was Henry IV’s daughter, Louis XIII’s sister) His sister married Louis XIII of France His daughter Maria Theresa married Louis XIV of France (first cousins)His daughter Maria Theresa married Louis XIV of France (first cousins) His second marriage was to Mariana of Austria, (His youngest sister’s daughter… his niece!)His second marriage was to Mariana of Austria, (His youngest sister’s daughter… his niece!) They had one child Charles IIThey had one child Charles II

Charles II El Hechizado ("The Hexed") extensive physical, intellectual, and emotional problems Married twice… No children

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Margaret Theresa of Spain Older sister of Charles II

Married to Leopold I Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor family of Philip IV

Philip V , House of Bourbon Great-grandson of Philip IV of SpainGreat-grandson of Philip IV of Spain Grandson of Louis XIV of FranceGrandson of Louis XIV of France Inherited the Spanish Crown, but under the Treaty of Utrecht, gave up all claims to French throne. (He would have been King of France after Louis XIV)Inherited the Spanish Crown, but under the Treaty of Utrecht, gave up all claims to French throne. (He would have been King of France after Louis XIV)

Habsburgs and Bourbons Louis XV King of France