©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers The Effective Reader (Updated Edition) by D. J. Henry Chapter 5: Outlines and Concept Maps PowerPoint Presentation by Gretchen Starks-Martin St. Cloud State University, MN

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Outlines  An outline shows the relationships among the main idea, major supporting details, and minor supporting details.  A formal outline uses Roman numerals to indicate the main idea, capital letters to indicate the major details, and Arabic numbers to indicate minor details.  An informal outline is at the student’s personal discretion.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Formal Outline I. Differences between Porpoises and Dolphins A.Shape 1. Porpoises: small and plump with blunt nose. 2. Dolphins: long bodies and beak nose. B.Size 1. Porpoise 6 feet and 300 pounds 2. Dolphins 4-26 feet and 70- 1,500 pounds

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Concept Maps  A concept map is a diagram that shows the flow of ideas from the main idea to the supporting details.  The main idea is placed in a box or circle as a heading and then major supporting details are in boxes or circles beneath the main idea.  Arrows or lines are used to show the flow of ideas.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Example

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers The Table of Contents  The table of contents is a special kind of outline based on topics and subtopics.  It lists the contents of each chapter.  An effective reader examines the table of contents to understand how the author has organized the information.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter Review  Supporting details explain, develop, and support a main idea.  To locate supporting details, an effective reader turns the main idea into a question.  A major detail directly explains, develops, illustrates, or supports the main idea.  A minor detail explains, develops, or supports the major detail.  In a passage, ideas usually flow from general to specific ideas.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter Review  An outline shows the relationships among the main idea, major supporting details, and minor supporting details.  An author often uses signal words such as a few causes, a number of reasons, several steps, or several kinds of to introduce a main idea.  An author often uses signal words such as first, second, furthermore, moreover, next, or finally to indicate that a supporting detail is coming.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter Review  A formal outline uses Roman numerals to indicate the main idea, capital letters to indicate the major details, and Arabic numbers to indicate the minor details.  A concept map is a diagram that shows the flow of ideas from the main point to the supporting details.

©2004 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Practice Complete the Applications, Review Tests, and Mastery Tests for Chapter 5 in your book. * Remember to complete your scorecard for the Review Tests in this chapter.