Warm-Up Pick up article at the front of the class Do not write on it! It’s a class set! Read article and answer questions in your notebook

African Kingdoms Ch

I. African Geography A.Oldest Continent- few volcanoes, mountains B.Sahara- largest desert in the world located in North Africa C.Savanna- large grassland, largest feature in Africa

I. African Geography D.Other: Rainforest around the equator, Mild climate in N. Africa and S. Africa E.Few good lands for farming F.Pastoralist lifestyle development of clans- families with common ancestors

II. Major Kingdoms A.Axum 1. Trading center for the Red Sea 2.King Ezana defeated neighbor, converted to Christianity

II. Major Kingdoms B.Great Zimbabwe 1.Southeast Africa trading center 2.Mystery kingdom: all that remains are great stone ruins

II. Major Kingdoms C.Ghana 1.West Africa, Niger River 2.Trade center: exported gold, imported salt in a trans-Sahara trade route

II. Major Kingdoms D.Mali 1.West Africa, Muslim kingdom 2.Mansa Musa doubled size of empire, went on a hajjMansa Musa

III. Slave Trade A.All early civilizations had slavery: From war, tribute, debt, or offspring B.Arabs Muslims expanded the slave trade C.Europeans were later a new market for African slaves

Map Activity -Sahara Desert -Sahel Desert -Kalahari Desert -Red Sea -Savanna -Niger River -Nile River -Congo River -Orange River -Lake Victoria -Mt. Kilimanjaro -Atlantic Ocean -Indian Ocean -Eastern rift valley On the blank map you must label