2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Tower and Balloon-borne Ozone and Ozone Precursor Vertical Profile Sampling for Upper Green Winter Ozone Study 2011 David Bush T&B Systems, Inc. William Hauze Meteorological Solutions, Inc Cara Keslar Wyoming DEQ

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Overview Background UGWOS WY DEQ Ozone Forum UGWOS 2011 Efforts Long-line Measurement Methodology Tower Tethered Balloon Preliminary Data

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Upper Green Winter Ozone Study (UGWOS) Upper Green River Wintertime Ozone Study – UGWOS 2007 Lack of snow and no elevated ozone episodes Learned enough for planning future years UGWOS 2008 Significant elevated ozone observed Documented spatial scale of problem and developed conceptual model UGWOS 2009, 2010 Focused on additional chemistry Improved mesonet monitoring coverage and communications

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS – Ozone, Met Profiles

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS – Spatial Monitoring

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS – Spatial Monitoring

2011 National Air Quality Conferences WY DEQ Ozone Forum 2009, 2010 Ozone Forum Review collected data Discuss remaining issues and questions Discuss additional monitoring

2011 National Air Quality Conferences What is the diurnal vertical structure of the ozone concentrations?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences What is the diurnal vertical structure of ozone precursors?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences What is the vertical diurnal structure of ozone precursors?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS 2011 Tethered Balloon Tall Tower Supplemental measurements at WY DEQ Boulder site

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Measurements

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Measurement Equipment Teledyne/API Model 200E NO/NO 2 /NOx Analyzer Teledyne/API Model 400E Ozone Analyzer Baseline-Mocon Series 9000 NMHC Methane/Non- Methane Analyzer Campbell Scientific CR10 Data Logger w/ A6REL-12 Relay Drive RM Young Wind Monitor and temperature sensors at Tower Hobo Pro temperature/RH sensors on Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Measurements Dedicated 5/16” ID Teflon® tubing to minimize pressure drop within line at 4 lpm Four levels, with worst-case residence time of 20 seconds Tower – 4m, 25m, 50m, 75m Tethered Balloon – 4m, 33m, 67m, 100m

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Measurements Valved Rotameters Solenoids To Pump To Analyzers

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Long-line Measurements Using solenoid control, sampling switches sequentially to next level every 3 minutes First two minutes used to purge lines and allow analyzers to stabilize to new sample pressure and concentrations (most critical for THC analzyer) Final minute averaged Thus, 12 minute cycle, with each hour consisting of five 1-minute averages

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences UGWOS Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Preliminary Data - Tower

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Preliminary Data – Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Preliminary Data – Tethered Balloon

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Acknowledgements Wyoming DEQ Meteorological Solutions, Inc. Air Resource Specialists Environ Sacramento Metropolitan AQM, California ARB

2011 National Air Quality Conferences Suggestion for Future Studies – A Bigger Truck