Laurence ROUÏL Chair of the EMEP Steering Body (CLRTAP) Latest developments in the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) Laurence ROUÏL Chair of the EMEP Steering Body (CLRTAP)

The EMEP priorities Support the implementation of the Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) Implementation of the Protocols of the Convention (Gothenburg, Heavy metals and POPs) Ratification by an increasing number of Parties (51 in total) Larger involvement of countries from Eastern Europe , the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) Implementation EMEP monitoring strategy Yearly reporting of emissions and projections (+ adjustment process) Air quality in Europe : trends, assessments for now and in the future Cooperation with other European and International bodies Increasing cooperation with and between the Parties Increasing visibility and communication on transboundary air pollution issues

Information for air pollution reduction policies Approaches driven by air pollution effects Information for air pollution reduction policies WGE EMEP - Deposition exceedance - Ecosystem area at risk Ozone indicator Health indicator Economic analyses Dose/responses Empirical CLd WGE indicators and impact assessment Target loads Biodiv indic Asp.Targets GAINS EMEP model O3 flux WGSR EB UE Depositions CLd, CLe Emissions, Atmospheric transport Monitoring

Implementation of the EMEP monitoring strategy EMEP is acknowledged as a reference framework for Air pollution in Europe with stringent rules for monitoring long range transport of air pollution, chemical analyses It provides scientific insights and evidence for the implementation of air quality legislation (Convention and EU) Implementation index to assess the quality and representativeness of the EMEP network Slight drop in the network development : funding issues and changes in priorities of the Parties are the main reasons Need to enhance consistency with the EU legislation Need to maintain long historical datasets Close cooperation with relevant research programs and Infrastructures (level 3) : GAW, ACTRIS2, Copernicus, ...

Reporting Emission Inventories EMEP task Force and Centre on emission inventories and projections (TFEIP and CEIP) define an appropriate framework for reporting emissions: From a large number of sources In a shared gridded system (target resolution: 0.1°) In a consistent way , with stringent QA/QC rules A huge amount of work is done to check reported emissions (in-depth reviews), for gap filling, for capacity building and support to national experts In 2015 for the first time, Black carbon emissions have been reported by 28 countries

Adjustment emission process Parties may apply to adjust their emission reduction commitments or inventory data in extraordinary circumstances, as defined in the EMEP Executive Body decisions 2012/3 and 2012/4 (ECE/EB.AIR/111/Add.1) as amended by EB decision 2014/1. (a) Emission source categories are identified that were not accounted for at the time when the emission reduction commitments were set; (for a more detailed definition see decision 2014/1, annex, para. 3 (a) (i)–(iii)); (b) Emission factors used to determine emissions levels for particular source categories for the year in which emissions reduction commitments are to be attained are significantly different than the emission factors applied to these categories when emission reduction commitments were set; (c) The methodologies used for determining emissions from specific source categories have undergone significant changes between the time when emission reduction commitments were set and the year they are to be attained. CEIP and national experts are in charge of the review of the applications submitted by the Parties : 7 countries in 2015, 6 in 2014.

Air quality in Europe: a number of initiatives (i) Trends in air pollutant concentrations and deposition over the 20 past years (Task Force on Measurement and Modelling) NO2 measurements reported in AIRBASE Nitrate in air (orange), precip (blue) and NO2 in Air (red) dotted lines = EMEP model

Air quality in Europe: a number of initiatives (ii) EURODELTA 3 modelling exercises (TFMM) Evaluation of the EMEP model and other European Chemistry Transport models against data from EMEP field campaigns (Since 2006) http://emep.int/publ/reports/2014/MSCW_technical_1_2014.pdf the models capacities in simulating air quality responses to 20 years of emission changes

Air quality in Europe: a number of initiatives (iii) EMEP ICP Forest ICP IM ICP Materials ICP Vegetation ICP Waters AMAP Heleen de Wit 1st joint session EMEP-WGE sept 2015

Example :Heavy metals Deposition lead (left), cadmium (middle) and mercury (right) for 1990-2012 EMEP Concentrations in mosses of lead, cadmium and mercury for 1985-2010 ICP Vegetation Heleen de Wit 1st joint session EMEP-WGE sept 2015

Air quality in Europe : the CLRTAP assessment report - 2016 A policy-oriented report which compiles results and knowledge from the Convention to describe : The current situation in terms of air pollution exposure (human health and ecosystems) What has been achieved so far with the regulations Where further efforts are still needed Which solutions/options and What can be achieved Publication of the Executive summary in May 2016 and the full report will follow according the CLRTAP review process Among the key messages : Further international coordination remains necessary to reduce background levels of PM and ozone Ozone requires Northern Hemispheric cooperation that includes methane abatement Ammonia emission reduction will have transboundary impacts: reduced urban PM-exposure and biodiversity protection Climate & energy measures together with additional end-of-pipe measures and cost-effective local actions on transport & domestic heating would enable meeting WHO-guideline values for PM in most parts in Europe

Outreach initiatives Enhanced cooperation with other organisations and bodies to share data, views, develop common strategies and optimise resources EIONET – regulatory pollutants- UNEP/Stockholm Convention – POPs - UNEP/Minamata Convention – Mercury- Artic Council and AMAP – PM/ Black carbon- Copernicus Atmosphere Services (ECMWF/CAMS) Enhance communication an visibility of the Convention and its technical and scientific bodies (EMEP/WGE)

Thank you for your attention ! Laurence.rouil@ineris.fr