Powers of the President

Executing the Law (Federal Law) – Enforce, Administers, Carries out – Noise Reduction Kits

Powers of the President Ordinance power – Application of the Law – Constitution? – Congress delegation – Froze Assets of Al Qaeda – Employers must post a notification of their rights (Union) Appointing Power – Extension of his Administration – Members of Federal government Removal Power – Serve the President – Incompetence – FDR vs. Humphrey

Powers of the President Treaties – Formal International agreements between 2 countries – Senate 2/3 majority – ABM Treaty (Russia) Executive agreements – Pact with head of foreign state – No Senate approval – Haiti

Powers of the President Recognition – Diplomats from Foreign Countries – Acknowledge existence – Political effect – New Iraqi Government

Powers of the President Military 1. Commander in Chief 2. Delegation of Authority 3. Undeclared War 4. Wartime Powers 5. War Powers Resolution – 48 hours- Congress – 60 days – Congress can end through a Joint Resolution

Powers of the President

Judicial Powers – Reprieve (postponement of sentence) – Pardon (forgiveness of sentence) – Commutation (release of sentence) – Amnesty (pardon for a group of people) Bill Clinton

Bureaucracy Three Principles of Bureaucracy: 1. Hierarchical Authority 2. Job Specification 3. Formal Rules Three Major Groups of Administrative Agencies 1. Executive office 2. Cabinet departments 3. Independent agencies

Bureaucracy Five Types of Agencies 1. Cabinet 2. Independent Agencies 3. Independent Executive Agencies 4. Independent Regulatory Agencies 5. Government Corporations

Bureaucracy Cabinet Power Qualifications Role Independent Agencies Outside departments Similarities Reasons

Bureaucracy Independent Executive Agencies 1. Direct extension of President 2. Cabinet positions? 3. Not Glorious Independent Regulatory Agencies 1. Police the economy 2. Quasi-legislative 3. Quasi-judicial

Bureaucracy Government Corporation 1. Set up by Congress to carry out business- like activities 1. FDIC 2. EXIMBANK 3. Postal Service 2. Congress decides their function 3. Freedom