The Changing Nation

Sectionalism and Borders  1816 James Monroe becomes president  Sectionalism is tearing the nation apart  US and Britain meet at the Convention of 1818 and establish the 49 th parallel

Missouri Compromise and Borders  Adams-Onis Treaty gives the US control of Florida Territory  Missouri Compromise outlaws slavery in northern portion of Louisiana Territory  Monroe Doctrine protects the US from Foreign colonization

Sectionalism Worsens  Sectionalism divides political parties  1824 John Q. Adams is President.  1828 Andrew Jackson is President Jackson uses the spoil system to reward friends

States’ Rights  US increases tariffs on manufactured goods  South Carolina threatens to secede  Doctrine of Nullification allows states to reject the federal tariffs

Indian Removal  US wants to move Indians off their land  1830 the Indian Removal Act tells Indians to move or be forced out  1838 US troops force Cherokees to march west to Oklahoma Territory- Trail of Tears  Indians attempted to resist

Moving West  Americans are looking for new places to live  Start to move west onto new land  Many ways to get to the west- Santa Fe Trail, Oregon Trail, Mormon Trail

Texas  Mexico became independent from Spain and Mexico changed laws  Tejanos didn’t like it, so they declared their independence  Tejanos win Texas Revolution and become new nation  1836 the US annexed Texas

Mexican War  The US and Mexico fought over Texas border  1846 Mexican troops invaded the US and started Mexican War  1848 War ends with Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo US gains the Mexican Cession= lots of land (CA,AZ,NV,UT,NM)

Final Pieces  1846 The US and Britain agree to extend the 49 th parallel and divide the Oregon Territory.  1853 US buys rest of Arizona and New Mexico Territory in the Gadsden Purchase

California Gold Rush  1848 Gold was discovered in California  49ers raced to California to get rich!!!  California’s population grew very rapidly and they applied for statehood!