Women and African Americans

Women By the mid 19 th century, middle and upper class women could afford to stay home. Poor women had to work for wages outside of their home What jobs did they do?

Women Farm Women did not change Helped on the farm and with livestock as well as house work

Domestic Workers Cleaned houses Tended to be black women -Cooks -Laundresses, scrub, maids

Women Industry -Factories gave women new options of employment -1 in 5 women held jobs -Worked the lower skilled jobs, were paid ½ of what men made Began to fill secretary, school, and store positions

Women In Industry Issues: - Work conditions -low wages -long hours

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Burned down in 1911 Women were locked in to keep working 146 died

Women Reform All women colleges began to open Wellesley, Vassar Educated Women joined the reform

Three Part Strategy 1) Tried to convince states to grant women the right to vote -Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, & Idaho 2)Pursued court cases to test the 14 th amendment - Anthony tried to vote in 10 states 3) Pushed for National constitutional amendment

19 th Amendment 1920 Granted women suffrage nationally

African American Rights Roosevelt supported individuals not all civil rights

Booker T. Washington Head of an All Black Vocational Training School Respected by Prominent Whites Blamed black poverty on the black community; urged to accept discrimination Change yourself not others

Booker T. Washington Gradualism - Social and Political equality should be long term goals Encouraged immediate economic advancement through vocational training and hiring of black workers by white industrialists

W.E.B. Dubois Criticized Washington Dubois called for immediate economic and social equality through academic education, political action, and protest Helped establish NAACP in 1909 Worked for civil rights