Chapter 10 The t Test for Two Independent Samples.

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Chapter 10: The t Test For Two Independent Samples
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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 The t Test for Two Independent Samples

10.1 Independent-Measures Design Introduction Most research studies compare two (or more) sets of data – Data from two completely different, independent participant groups … – Data from the same or related participant group(s) …

10.1 Independent-Measures Design Introduction (continued) Computational procedures are considerably different for the two designs Each design has different strengths and weaknesses Consequently, only between-subjects designs are considered in this chapter; repeated- measures designs will be reserved for discussion in Chapter 11

Figure 10.1 Independent- Measures Research Design

10.2 Independent-Measures Design t Statistic Null hypothesis for independent-measures test Alternative hypothesis for the independent- measures test

Independent-Measures Hypothesis Test Formulas Basic structure of the t statistic

Estimated standard error Measure of standard or average distance between sample statistic (M 1 -M 2 ) and the population parameter How much difference it is reasonable to expect between two sample means if the null hypothesis is true

Measuring Effect Size If the null hypothesis is rejected, the size of the effect should be determined using either Cohen’s d or Percentage of variance explained

10.4 Assumptions for the Independent-Measures t-Test The observations within each sample must be … The two populations from which the samples are selected must be … The two populations from which the samples are selected must have …

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